粳稻品种间杂交F_1代花药培养及后代鉴定评价  

Anther culture of japonica rice Kenyu 28×Nanjing 44 hybrid F_1 and its regenerated plantlets identification

作　　者：胡婷婷 王健康 丁成伟 郭荣良 吴玉玲 徐家安 王友霜 赵轶鹏 

机构地区：[1]徐州农业科学研究所,江苏徐州221131

出　　处：《南方农业学报》2014年第11期1910-1915,共6页Journal of Southern Agriculture

基　　金：江苏省农业科技自主创新资金项目[CX(12)1003-4];江苏省科技支撑计划项目(BE2014314);江苏政府留学奖学金资助项目(2013)

摘　　要：【目的】快速获得稳定的粳稻品种间杂交新材料,加强粳稻品种间杂种优势的利用。【方法】对垦育28和南粳44杂交的F1代进行花药培养,并对获得的花培株系进行主要农艺性状、倍性及稻瘟病抗性等鉴定。【结果】接种至愈伤诱导培养基5 d后花药开裂,10～15 d可诱导出2～3 mm的黄绿色愈伤组织,转移至分化培养基20 d后即可诱导出绿苗。有1696个花药可诱导出愈伤组织,诱导率为66.5%;在获得的382份花培再生株系中,单倍体、双单倍体、四倍体株系比例分别为27.5%、70.2%和2.3%,不同倍性株系出现株高矮化、不结实、分蘖数明显降低和保卫细胞叶绿体数明显减少等变异。经抗稻瘟病田间鉴定,获得综合性状好且抗或高抗稻瘟病的二倍体材料各3份;其中获得综合性状较好、结实率较高（89.6%～90.1%）、株高显著降低且抗稻瘟病的二倍体材料两份。【结论】利用粳稻品种间杂交F1代进行花药培养,可快速获得稳定的中间材料,是快速创制抗病等新材料的可行方法。【Objective 】The present study was conducted to obtain new stable intervarietal hybrid materials of japonica rice varieties quickly in order to take full advantage of intervarietal heterosis of japonica rice varieties.【Method 】The anthers of Kenyu 28 ×Nanjing 44 hybrid F1 plants were cultured to get DH plantlets, and their main agronomic traits, ploidy and resistances to rice blast disease were identified and evaluated. 【 Result 】 The cultured an-thers began to dehisce after inoculating into callus induction medium for 5 days, and the yellow-green callus was found to be 2-3 mm in length after induction of 10-15 days. By transfering into differentiation medium, the callus could grow up plantlets after induction of 20 days in MS medium supplemented with 6-BA 1.0 mg/L, NAA 0.2 mg/L,MET 2.0 mg/L, sugar 30.0 g/L, LH 0.5 g/L and agar powder 8.0 g/L. The 1696 anthers could induce callus, and the induction rate was 66.5%. Out of 382 anther culture regenerated plantlets, the haploid, diploid, tetraploid plantlets accounted for 27.5%, 70.2% and 2.3%, respectively. Different ploidy plantlets were found to present trait variations viz., plant dwarf, barrenness, significant decrease of tiller and chloroplast number in guard cell. Each three diploid materials with good comprehensive characters were found to be highly resistant or moderately resistant to rice blast disease through identifying in the field. Out of them, 2 diploid materials presented good comprehensive characters, high seed setting rate（89.6%-90.1%）, significant decrease of plant height and resistance to rice blast disease. 【Conclusion 】Stable intermediate materials can be obtained quickly through anther culture of japonica rice inter-varietal hybrid F1, which is feasible method for creating and breeding new materials with resistance to disease and so on.

关 键 词：粳稻 杂交F1代 花药培养 倍性 抗稻瘟病 

分 类 号：S511.22[农业科学—作物学]