鲻胚后发育过程中体表色素与鳍的变化特征  

Variation characteristics of body surface pigment and fin during postembryonic development stage of Mugil cephalus

作　　者：区又君[1] 李加儿[1] 谢菁[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]农业部南海渔业资源开发利用重点实验室/中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所,广州510300 [2]上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海201306

出　　处：《南方农业学报》2014年第11期2058-2064,共7页Journal of Southern Agriculture

基　　金：广东省科技计划项目(2007B020708005,2012A020602016);广东省海洋渔业科技推广专项项目(A201101D02,A201200E02)

摘　　要：【目的】确定鲻胚后早期发育过程中体表色素的形成时间及各鳍的变化特点,为优化其种苗生产技术工艺流程奠定基础。【方法】采用常规的光学显微镜技术对鲻胚后早期发育过程中体表色素的分布与鳍条的形成过程进行连续观察和记录。【结果】鲻的体表色素发育需要依次经过6个阶段,初孵仔鱼就已经具有色素细胞,鱼体表面色素随着仔鱼发育进一步变化,至30日龄色素发育完全。在鲻的早期发育过程中,各鳍发育顺序依次为:胸鳍→尾鳍→臀鳍→第二背鳍→腹鳍→第一背鳍。鲻鳍的发育需要经过10个阶段,3日龄仔鱼便可观察到胸鳍芽,19日龄时尾鳍开始发育,21日龄时第二背鳍和臀鳍逐步发育,且臀鳍发育速度稍快于第二背鳍,腹鳍芽出现,26日龄时第一背鳍开始隆起,至38日龄鳍条发育完全。【结论】鲻胚后早期发育过程中的体表色素分布和鳍条发育与其形态发育及行为相适应,可作为早期发育的指示性标志。【Objective】The present experiment was conducted to investigate the pigment formation time and fin change characteristic of Mugil cephalus body surface in order to lay the foundation for optimizing technological processe of its fry breeding. 【Method 】The pigment distribution of body surface and pterygiophore formation during early development stage were observed and recorded continually by using conventional optical microscope. 【 Result 】 The pigment formation of body surface were divided into 6 successive stages. The pigment cells could be found in newly hatched larvae, and the pigment was changing gradually as larvae growth and developed fully after hatching for 30 days. During the early development stage, the development of different fins in sequence was as follows： pectoral fin →caudal fin →anal fin →second dorsal fin →ventral fin →first dorsal fin. The fin development process was divided into10 stages. The young pectoral fin could be found in 3-day-old larvae, the caudal fin began to develop at 19-day old, the second dorsal fin and anal fin also began to grow up in succession at 21-day old, but anal fin developed faster than the second dorsal fin being appearing the ventral fin bud. At 26-day old, the first dorsal fin began to grow up, and the pterygiophore development was not complete until 38 day after hatching. 【Conclusion 】The pigment distribution of body surface and pterygiophore development in the process of early development stages are corresponding with morphological development and behavior of M. cephalus, which can be used as indicating mark of early development.

关 键 词：鲻 胚后发育 体表色素 鳍 变化特征 

分 类 号：S965.9[农业科学—水产养殖]