2012—2013年北京市海淀区放射工作人员异常剂量调查  

Investigation and analysis of radiation workers with abnormal exposure dose in Haidian District of Beijing City from 2012 to 2013

作　　者：于久愿[1] 张洪伟[1] 崔良超[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京市海淀区疾病预防控制中心,100094

出　　处：《职业与健康》2014年第23期3375-3377,3381,共4页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的对2012—2013年北京市海淀区放射工作人员出现的异常剂量进行调查分析,了解产生异常剂量的原因,制定相应的对策。方法对每季度个人剂量监测结果超过1 250μSv的放射工作人员,进行现场复核和问卷调查。结果共计调查43人次,其中医用辐射41人次,非医用辐射2人次。产生异常剂量的主要原因有介入工作人员将剂量计佩戴在铅衣外或铅衣内外混戴、工作量大、扶持受检者照射、佩戴剂量计体检、剂量计受潮及不明原因等。结论剂量计佩戴不正确、佩戴剂量计体检和剂量计受潮是引起的异常剂量的主要原因,也是无效剂量;有效异常剂量中扶持受检者体检是最主要原因。对剂量计正确佩戴和使用的培训还应加强。[ Objective ] To investigate and analyze the abnormal exposure dose received by radiation workers from Haidian District of Beijing City 2012-2013, to explore the causes leading to that situation, and develop relevant strategies. [ Methods ] Reviewing and conducting questionnaires on site was performed to those radiation workers whose personal dose exceeding 1 250 p.Sv according to the seasonal surveillance results. [ Results] In total, 43 respondents received the investigation. 41 workers were exposed to medical radiation and 2 workers were exposed to other non medical sources of radiation. The main reasons leading to excessive dose included medical workers who engaged in interventional treatment carrying the personal dose gauge outside the lead clothes or carrying it in a mixed way, too much workload, assisting people who received radiographic examination, wearing personal dose gauge when receiv- ing physical examination, dose meter being exposed to moisture and unknown reasons, etc. [ Conclusion ] Carrying dose meter mis- takenly, wearing it when receiving physical examination and dose meter being exposed to moisture are the major causes resulting in excessive dose of radiation, namely, invalid dose. While assisting people who receive radiographic examination is the most impor- tant reason leading to valid abnormal dose. Thus, it is necessary to strengthen the training on correctly carry and use dose meters.

关 键 词：放射工作人员 异常剂量 

分 类 号：R135[医药卫生—劳动卫生]