某部新兵艾滋病防治现况调查及干预效果评价  

Survey of AIDS control status and intervention evaluation among new recruits of a unit

作　　者：郑红英[1] 石静 王京[1] 安文[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国人民解放军63993部队 [2]总装疾病预防控制中心 [3]中国人民解放军63996部队

出　　处：《职业与健康》2014年第23期3472-3474,共3页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的通过了解某部新兵艾滋病(AIDS)教育防治现况,并对教育干预效果进行评价。方法对971名新兵有关AIDS防治知识和行为态度进行基线调查,实施2个月的教育干预计划,对干预前后的知晓率、态度和行为改变进行效果评价。结果入伍前有80.1%的新兵知道AIDS是一种传染病,但对其传播途径认识混乱,对国家的免费防治政策知之甚少;通过教育干预,有74.9%和84.8%的新兵了解到共用注射器和输血都是感染AIDS的高危行为,72.5%的新兵愿意为预防AIDS改变行为,84.6%的新兵会正确使用安全套,93.1%的新兵知道了国家的免费政策;与干预前相比,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论在新兵中开展AIDS防治教育非常必要,应选择在新训期集中开展,采取专题讲座、图片展板等生动形象、形式多样的教育手段,并及时对干预效果进行评价。[ Objective] To understand the AIDS control status among new recruits of a unit, and evaluate the intervention effect. [ Methods ] Baseline investigation was carried out by learning the knowledge level of AIDS prevention and treatment and the behav- ior and attitude of 971 new recruits, then the intervention plan was carried out for two months, the next step was to evaluate the awareness, attitude and behavior change before and after the intervention. [ Results ] There were 80. 1% of the new recruits had known that the AIDS was an infectious disease before they joined the army, but they did not know the route of transmission of this disease, even hardly of them knew the free control policy of the country. Through the education intervention, 74.9% and 84.8% realized that sharing syringes and blood transfusion was the high-risk behavior of infecting AIDS, 72.5% were willing to change their behavior to prevent AIDS, 84.6% could use condoms properly, 93.1% knew the free control policy of the country, all the differences were significant before and after intervention （ P 〈 0.01 ）. [ Conclusion ] The AIDS prevention education for new recruits is very necessary, and it is necessary to carry out the health education and behavior intervention such as taking a seminar and pic- ture exhibition board vividly and variously during the first time of training, and then to evaluate the effect of intervention in time.

关 键 词：新兵 艾滋病 干预 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]