从理性人假设分析市场经济优势  

An Analysis of the Advantages of Market Economy on the Hypothesis of Rational Man

作　　者：蒋毅[1] 李庆华[2] 

机构地区：[1]财政部财政科学研究所,北京100037 [2]华中师范大学经济与工商管理学院,湖北武汉430079

出　　处：《西藏大学学报（社会科学版）》2014年第6期185-188,共4页Journal of Tibet University

摘　　要：从经典微观经济学关于理性人假设出发,研究了市场经济在稀缺资源配置方面具有优势的内在原因,提出了理性人假设的实质是个人利己理性(非利己主义)的思想,论证个人利己理性是使市场经济优于其他经济体制的最根本原因,并批评了以X效率理论为代表的有关理性有限的观点。文章通过对弗农·史密斯有关实验经济学结论的介绍,明确了个人利己理性作为一般判断,在经济学等人文科学研究上并不能被拒绝的结论。最后提出了回归理性人假设是实现个人利益最大化和社会福利最大化的有效途径。Based on the classical microeconomics about rational man hypothesis, this article proposes the advan-tage of the system of scarce resources allocation under the market economy, and puts forward that the essence ofthe rational man hypothesis is individual rationality（non-individualism）, and shows that individual rationality isthe primary reason of market economy outperforming other systems of economy. This article also criticizes X-effi-ciency Theory＇s limitation on individual rationality. After introducing Vernon L. Smith and his conclusions, itfurther clarifies that individual rationality should not be denied in economics and humanities. Finally, this articleconcludes that returning to rational man hypothesis is conducive to maximize both the personal profit and the so-cial welfare.

关 键 词：理性人假设 市场经济 分散决策机制 

分 类 号：F123.9[经济管理—世界经济]