胜利油田油泥沙细菌和古菌多样性研究  

Research on Diversity of Bacteria and Archaea in Oily Sludge of Shengli Oilfield

作　　者：方绍燕[1,2] 张辉[2] 

机构地区：[1]山东胜利职业学院,山东东营257097 [2]农业部沼气科学研究所农业部农村可再生能源开发利用重点实验室,四川成都610041

出　　处：《中国沼气》2014年第6期3-8,15,共7页China Biogas

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(2013aa064401);四川省国际科技合作与交流计划项目(2013HH0018)

摘　　要：胜利油田某油泥沙是含有石油烃、水和泥沙的混合物,也含有丰富的微生物资源。采用454焦磷酸,并结合生物信息学分析了油泥沙中的细菌和古菌群落结构,发现油泥沙中的细菌群落主要由Psychrobacter(16.6%),Pseudomonas(14.7%),Rhodobacteraceae(6.5%),Thiobacillus(6.0%)和unclassified Actinomycetales(4.4%)组成,这些细菌大部分属于好氧和兼性好氧菌。古菌主要属于产甲烷古菌,主要由Methanohalobium(77.7%),Methanosaeta(5.4%),Methermicoccus(3.5%),Methanobrevibacter(2.8%),Methanobacterium(4.0%),Methanomethylovorans(1.8%)和Methanosphaera(1.7%),表明产甲烷古菌以甲基营养型为主,同时也存在少量的乙酸营养型和氢营养型产甲烷古菌。这些研究为今后认识和分离新型石油微生物资源提供了指导和帮助。Oily sludge in oilfield is a complex mixture containing crude oil, water and sediments, in which diversity of microbial communities could be found. In this study, 454-pyrosequencing technology was adopted to analyze the structures of bacterial community and archaea community in oily sludge of Shengli oilfield. Combined with bioinformaties analysis, it was revealed that the bacterial community was mainly composed of Psyehrobacter （16. 6% ）, Pseudomonas （14. 7% ）, Rhodobacteraceae（6.5% ）, Thiobacillus（ 6. 0% ） and unclassified Actinomycetales （4.4%）, most of them belong to aerobic and facultative aerobic bacteria. And the archaea were mainly methanogenic, including Methanohalobium（77.7% ）, Methanosaeta（ 5. 4% ）, Methermicoecus（ 3. 5% ）, Methanobrevibaeter（ 2. 8% ）, Methanobacteriura（ 4.0% ）, Methanomethylovorans（ 1.8% ） and Methanosphaera（ 1.7% ）, suggesting that methylotrophs dominated the methanogenic archaea, followed by aeetotmphlc and hydrogenotrophie methanogens.

关 键 词：油泥沙 高通量测序 细菌多样性 古菌多样性 

分 类 号：Q913[天文地球—古生物学与地层学]