职业性电磁辐射暴露对全血细胞参数的影响  

Effects of Occupational Exposure to Electromagnetic Field on Hematologic Parameters

作　　者：王丽娟[1,2] 刘慧[1,2] 潘益峰[1,2] 陈泽鑫[1,2] 金雯[1,2] 余运贤[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学医学部公共卫生学院流行病学与卫生统计学学科,杭州310058 [2]浙江大学医学部公共卫生学院慢性疾病研究所,杭州310058

出　　处：《高电压技术》2014年第12期3822-3829,共8页High Voltage Engineering

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)(2011CB503706);国家自然科学基金(81172624);浙江省自然科学基金(LY14H260003)~~

摘　　要：为从流行病学研究的角度评估职业人群长期暴露于电磁场对机体免疫造血系统的效应,研究了职业性电磁辐射暴露对电厂职工全血细胞参数的影响。通过问卷调查获取了研究对象的一般人口学特征等信息,对所有研究对象均进行了外周血检测,并根据工种和职业检测结果等将研究对象分为电磁辐射暴露组和非暴露组,基于所得数据采用广义估计方程和叉生分析方法评估了电磁辐射暴露对全血细胞参数的效应。结果表明:与非暴露组且工龄<22 a的人群(中位数=0.1×109 L-1,全距=0.5)相比,暴露组中工龄<22 a的人群(中位数=0.1×109 L-1,全距=0.8;回归系数=0.12,标准误差=0.06,P值=0.05)和工龄>22 a的人群(中位数=0.2×109 L-1,全距=0.8;回归系数=0.17,标准误差=0.07,P值=0.01)嗜酸性粒细胞计数均显著较高;其他血液指标没有显著的统计学差异(P值均>0.05),模型统计把握度均高于0.9。因此认为职业性电磁辐射暴露可能对机体全血细胞参数有影响,但其影响程度需要进一步实验研究证实。To discuss the effect of occupational long-time electromagnetic field（EMF） exposure on human immune and hematopoietic systems from the aspect of epidemiology, we investigated the possible effects of EMF exposure on power plant staff＇s hematologic parameters. We collected the participants＇ information including social-demographic characteristics through a structured questionnaire survey, sampled their specimens of vein blood. According to the job title and the measured result, we classified the subjects into exposure group and non-exposure group, evaluated and compared the hematologic parameters between the two groups based on the generalized estimating equation model and the dichotomy method with adjustment for covariates. The results show that compared with subjects worked for less than 22 years in the non-exposure group（median =0.1×109 L-1, range =0.5）, those in the exposure group worked for both less than 22 years（median =0.1×109 L-1, range =0.8; regression coefficient =0.12, standard error =0.06, P value =0.05） and above 22 years（median =0.2×109 L-1, range =0.8; regression coefficient =0.17, standard error =0.07, P value =0.01） have significantly higher levels of eosinophil count. However, no significant difference of other parameters between the groups was found after parameter adjustment for covariates（P0.05 for all the groups）, and most of the other models had high power values（0.9）. It is concluded that occupational EMF can probably affect the hematologic parameters, though the chronic effect of EMFs needs further proof.

关 键 词：电磁辐射 电磁场 电厂职工 全血细胞参数 血液指标 嗜酸性粒细胞计数 

分 类 号：R131[医药卫生—劳动卫生]