特高压输电线路潜供电弧的燃弧特性  

Arcing Characteristics of Secondary Arc of UHV Transmission Lines

作　　者：孙秋芹[1] 周志成 刘洋 马勇 陶风波 何俊佳[3] 

机构地区：[1]湖南大学电气与信息工程学院,长沙410082 [2]江苏省电力公司电力科学研究院,南京211103 [3]华中科技大学电气与电子工程学院,武汉430074

出　　处：《高电压技术》2014年第12期3895-3901,共7页High Voltage Engineering

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(20140688)~~

摘　　要：为研究潜供电弧的燃弧时间及其运动特性特性,建立了特高压输电线路潜供电弧低压模拟试验平台。该平台由潜供电弧低压模拟试验回路、基于电荷耦合单元图像传感的高速光学成像系统、基于电容分压的潜供电弧电压测量系统、基于Hall效应的潜供电弧电流测量系统等组成。对未补偿、欠补偿、过补偿3种工况下的潜供电弧进行了试验,得到了潜供电弧典型运动图像及其同步电压、电流波形。试验结果表明:潜供电弧阴、阳极弧根运动特性不同,但都具有极性效应;且该运动特性会对电弧电流、电压特性造成影响。阳极弧根跳跃或弧柱短接时,电弧两端电压将出现骤降;新的阴极弧根激发时,潜供电弧电流增大。潜供电弧发展后期,存在2种不同的熄弧情况:一种为稳定燃烧,电流过零自然灭弧;另一种为短暂熄灭,经过数ms的延时,弧道击穿,电弧重燃,此后快速灭弧。加速潜供电弧通道等离子体的去游离过程有助于电弧的快速熄灭。In order to investigate the arcing time and motion characteristics of secondary arc, we built a low-voltage simulative platform for testing secondary arc of ultra-high-voltage transmission line. The platform consisted of a secondary arc low-voltage simulative test circuit, a high-speed optical imaging system based on charge coupled device unit image sensor, a secondary arc voltage measurement system based on capacitive divider, and a secondary arc current measurement system based on the Hall effect. Using the platform, we obtained the typical moving trajectories and the corresponding voltage and current waveforms of secondary arcs under the conditions of uncompensated, under-compensated and over-compensated. The results show that the motion characteristics of arc root are different between anode and cathode, but both types have the polarity effect; the motion characteristics have great influences on arc voltage and current. The jump of anode arc root and the short circuit of arc column will result in secondary arc voltage drop; the appearance of cathode arc root can result in the increase of secondary arc current. There are two different types of extinction modes of secondary arcs. One is that the secondary arc burning is stably extinguished naturally when the current crosses zero. The other is that the secondary arc is extinguished briefly, followed by a breakdown after a few milliseconds which leads to arc restrikes, and then a quick extinction. It is concluded that accelerating the plasma deionization of secondary arc channel contributes to rapidly extinguish arcs.

关 键 词：特高压 潜供电弧 模拟试验 补偿度 电弧物理 高速光学测量系统 

分 类 号：TM75[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]