抑制性消减杂交技术在昆虫滞育中的利用和展望  

Utilization and prospect of Suppression Subtractiv Hybridization in insect diapause

作　　者：蒋莎[1,2] 张礼生[1] 黄建[2] 陈红印[1] 黄凤霞[1] 齐晓阳 任小云[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院植物保护研究所/国家农业生物安全中心/农业部作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室/中美合作生物防治实验室,北京100081 [2]福建农林大学,福州350002

出　　处：《环境昆虫学报》2014年第6期1011-1017,共7页Journal of Environmental Entomology

基　　金：“973”计划(2013CB127602);公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201103002);“948”项目(2011-G4)

摘　　要：滞育是多数天敌昆虫固有的遗传属性,掌握天敌昆虫滞育诱导、维持和解除技术,能及时将扩繁的天敌昆虫以滞育状态进行储存,在释放前再打破滞育使其进入活跃状态以防控害虫。开展天敌昆虫滞育研究,还有助于掌握其发育特点与发生动态,提高害虫防治效率,加深对天敌昆虫发育机制的认识,探寻昆虫对环境适应机制及进化途径。因此,滞育调控及机理研究成为近年来昆虫学研究的一个重要领域。抑制性消减杂交技术(Suppression Subtractive Hybridization,SSH)是近年来发明的用于挖掘差异性调控或特异表达c DNA探针和构建文库的一种方法。本文在总结抑制性消减杂交技术的测试原理及其优越性的基础上,归纳了该技术在昆虫滞育研究中的应用,概述了通过构建抑制性消减文库,在鞘翅目、直翅目、鳞翅目、双翅目等昆虫中探明的滞育差异表达基因,进一步探讨了差异表达基因与滞育的关系。随着昆虫全基因组测序和转录组测序的信息增加,抑制性消减杂交技术将更广泛的应用于昆虫学各个领域的差异基因的筛选与挖掘,促进昆虫分子生物学科学体系的发展。Diapause is the inherent genetic property of most natural enemy insects which master the natural enemy insect＇s diapause induction, maintenance and break. In this state, diapaused natural enemies can be stored timely, and then break diapause before releasing it in order to prevent and control pests. The study of natural enemy insect diapause, also help to master its characteristics and dynamic development, improve the efficiency of pest control, deep the understanding of natural enemy insect growth mechanism, explore insect adaptation to the environment mechanism and evolution ways. Therefore, regulation and mechanism of diapause has become an important field of entomology research in recent years. Suppression subtractive hybridization （Suppression Subtractive Hybridization, SSH） is a recent invention for searching differential regulation and differential expression of cDNA probe. It has the advantages of high sensitivity, short experimental period, lower false positive rate and higher specificity. By constructing suppression subtractive hybridization library, differentially expressed genes were found in Coleoptera, Orthoptera, Lepidoptera, Diptera. With the development of whole genome sequencing technology and transcriptome sequencingtechnology, suppression subtractive hybridization are more widely used in screening and mining differential genes in various fields of Entomology and in promoting the study of the molecular mechanism.

关 键 词：抑制性消减杂技术 差异表达基因 昆虫 滞育 

分 类 号：Q965[生物学—昆虫学] S476[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]