不同基因型夏玉米果穗脱水特性综合评价  

Comprehensive Evaluation on Ear Dehydration Characteristics of Different Genotypes of Summer Maize

作　　者：赵红香[1] 张慧[1] 孙旭东[1] 王庆成[1] 刘开昌[1] 刘霞[1] 韩壮 王献忠[3] 李宗新[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东省农业科学院玉米研究所,山东济南250100 [2]济南市历城区仲宫镇农业技术推广站,山东济南250100 [3]山东省军区农副业基地,山东济南250100

出　　处：《山东农业科学》2014年第12期18-22,共5页Shandong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD16B15;2012BAD04B05;2013BAD07B06);公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201203079;201203100;201303013);山东省科技发展计划项目(2013GNC11105);山东省玉米产业技术体系创新团队项目(SDAIT-01-022-08)

摘　　要：机械化直接收获玉米籽粒是目前亟待解决的难题,玉米果穗脱水特性成为研究重点。本试验以黄淮海区域36个主推夏玉米品种为研究对象,测定生理成熟前后玉米果穗各部位的含水量、脱水速率,运用主成分和聚类分析获得果穗脱水性较强的品种。结果表明:不同基因型夏玉米果穗的籽粒、苞叶和穗轴含水量两两间极显著相关,而脱水速率两两间不相关;36个主推品种中登海605、青农105、农华101和金阳光7号为该地区果穗脱水性较强的品种;果穗脱水性较强品种的苞叶、穗轴和籽粒含水量为36%、58%、29%左右;籽粒含水量不是机收粒的关键限制因素。At present,mechanized harvesting is the urgent problem in maize cultivation,and the maize ear dehydration characteristics have become the research focus.In this experiment,using 36 main summer maize cultivars in Huang-Huai-Hai region as objects,the moisture content and dry-down rate in each part of the ear were measured before and after the physiological maturity.And the maize varieties with stronger ear dehydration property were obtained by principal component and cluster analysis.The results showed that the moisture content in kernel,husk and cob was highly significantly correlated with each other,while the dry-down rate was uncorrelated.Among the 36 main maize cultivars,Denghai 605,Qingnong 105,Nonghua 101 and Golden Sunshine 7 had stronger ear dehydration property.The moisture content of husk,cob and kernel in varieties with stronger ear dehydration property was about 36%,58% and 29% respectively.The maize kernel moisture content was not the key limiting factor of mechanized harvesting.

关 键 词：夏玉米 含水量 脱水速率 玉米果穗 

分 类 号：S513.01[农业科学—作物学]