延安市1980—2010年气温和降水的年际变化特征  

Characteristics of annual change in temperature and precipitation in Yan'an region during 1980- 2010

作　　者：杨强[1] 何立恒[1] 鲍其胜[2] 

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学土木工程学院,江苏南京210037 [2]南京市测绘勘察研究院有限公司,江苏南京210019

出　　处：《南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）》2014年第6期179-183,共5页Journal of Nanjing Forestry University：Natural Sciences Edition

基　　金：国土资源公益性行业科研专项项目(201211028-6);江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(PAPD)

摘　　要：选取延安市及周边14个气象站点1980—2010年逐月气象资料,利用自然邻点插值法对气象站点数据进行空间插值,得到延安市的年均气温和降水量,利用趋势分析、小波分析和极端变化分析方法,研究延安市气温和降水量的变化规律。结果表明：1980—2010年间,延安市气候变暖,年际气温持续升高,每10 a递增0.71℃,幅度较大;降水量呈小幅减少趋势,但年际波动较大。研究区气温和降水长周期变化规律存在很大的相似性,但5-10 a短周期变化差异明显,且震荡规律性减弱,相比而言,气温变化较降水量变化的稳定性强,变化规律更有序。The objective of this paper was to find the change patterns of average annual temperature and amount of precipitation from 1980 to 2010 in Yan＇an region. Monthly meteorological data between 1980 and 2010 from 14 weather stations including the Yan＇an region and the surroundings was used to do spatial interpolation to obtain the annual precipitation and average annual temperature by natural neighbor method. Trend analysis,wavelet analysis and extreme change analysis were employed to find the change patterns of temperature and amount of precipitation. Results showed that the annual temperature increased 0. 71 ℃ in the past every 10 years. While the amount of precipitation declined slightly with the more annual fluctuate. There was largely comparability between temperature and precipitation in the long period run of changing patterns,but significant difference existed in short period changing patterns in terms of 5- 10 years data. On the contrary,the temperature changing pattern was more stable and orderable than the precipitation.

关 键 词：气温和降水 线性趋势 小波分析 Mann-Kendall非参数检验法 滑动t检验法 延安市 

分 类 号：P468[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]