列车脱轨后运行姿态模拟  

Simulation for running attitude of a train after derailment

作　　者：朱翔[1] 陆新征[2] 杜永峰[1] 王强[3] 

机构地区：[1]兰州理工大学防震减灾研究所,兰州730050 [2]清华大学土木工程系,北京100084 [3]铁道部经济规划研究院,北京100038

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2014年第23期145-149,共5页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：铁道部科技研究开发计划重点课题(2012G003-J);清华大学自主研究项目(2012TH Z06);教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划资助(NCET-10-0528)

摘　　要：列车脱轨后撞击站房建筑可能会造成严重后果。而国内外相关研究几乎还是空白。本文采用非线性有限元软件,建立列车、铁轨和地面的有限元模型,通过人为引入障碍物,诱使列车脱轨,分析了脱轨后列车的运行姿态,以及不同地面摩擦系数的影响。研究表明:地面的摩擦系数会影响脱轨后火车的速度和运行时间,脱轨后车厢之间有明显的拉拽碰撞作用,后面车厢会明显挤压前面的车厢,列车呈"蛇形"运动,可能与列车两侧约6.68m范围内的物体发生碰撞。A derailed train may impact station buildings to cause serious consequences. But the corresponding studies are few. Here,the finite element models of a train,railways and the ground were built with nonlinear finite element software. By introducing an artificial obstacle,the train derailment and the attitude of the train after derailment were simulated. The influences of various friction coefficients of the ground were discussed. The simulation results showed that the friction coefficients of the ground affect the speed and running time of the train after derailment; significant pulling and collision between different carriages of the train are observed,the rear carriages extrude the front ones to make the train move at a ＂snake-like＂attitude,the train may collide with objects within a range of 6. 68 m from both sides of railways.

关 键 词：列车 脱轨 摩擦系数 运行轨迹 

分 类 号：U270.11[机械工程—车辆工程]