1580例住院患者抗菌药物临床使用的横断面分析  

Analysis of Rational Medications of Antimicrobial Agents in 1 580 inpatients by cross section

作　　者：叶丹[1] 李常安[1] 陈文瑛[1] 谢慧[1] 

机构地区：[1]广州医科大学附属第一医院

出　　处：《抗感染药学》2014年第5期427-432,共6页Anti-infection Pharmacy

摘　　要：目的：分析医院抗菌药物临床使用的横断面情况及其合理性。方法：采用横断面调查方法,分析2013年12月13日0：00—24：00时内所有住院患者抗菌药物的使用情况。结果：1 580例住院患者中,抗菌药物横断面使用率为50.13%,其中单用率为83.71%,二联使用率为14.39%,三联使用率为1.77%;在全院各科室中ICU抗菌药物使用率为100.00%,其次为心脏外科、内科综合科、泌尿外科的使用率分别为80.95%,76.00%和71.14%;全院治疗性用药病原学送检率达49.40%,ICU送检率为最高（100.00%）;预防性用药率为36.74%,其中围术期预防性使用抗菌药物为主要原因,占81.99%;使用频率居前5位的依次为头孢菌素类、青霉素类、喹诺酮类、碳青霉烯类、以及其他β-内酰胺类。结论：该院抗菌药物横断面使用率控制在合理水平,联合用药率持续下降,但存在病原学检测率降低,围术期预防性使用抗菌药物给药时机不合理等问题,需要进一步完善监管制度与方法。Objective： To analyze the rational medications ofantimicrobial agents by cross section. Methods： Inves- tigating the application of antimicrobial agents in all inpatients from 0：00 to 24：00 at December 13rd 2013. Results： The usage rate ofantimicrobial agents was 50.13% among l 580 patients. Specifically, 83.71% of patient was for single antimicrobial agent, 14.39% for doublet, and 1.77% for antimicrobial triplet therapy. ICU had the highest usage rate of 100.00%, fbllowed by Cardiac Surgery Department （80.95%）, General Department of Internal Medicine （76.00%）, and Urology Surgery Department （71.14%）. The total etiological examining rate for therapeutic medication was 49.40% leading by ICU （100.00%）. Prophylactic antimicrobial therapy rate was 36.74% and consisted mainly of preoperative infective management （81.99%）. The top five used antimicrobial agents were cephalosporins, penicillins, quinolones, carbapenems, and other 13-1actams. Conclusion： The usage rate ofantimicrobial agents was maintained at a rational level in our hospital with continuous descending rate of antimicrobial combination. However, the etiological examining rate decreased than that of last year.And timing for preoperative infective management still remains to be further improved and supervised.

关 键 词：横断面调查 抗菌药物 合理用药 

分 类 号：R969.3[医药卫生—药理学]