2013年闽西矿区主要污染源及职业病发病情况分析  

Analysis on the Main Pollution Sources and Occupational Disease Incidence in Minxi Mining Area,2013

作　　者：谢德兴[1] 郑清花[1] 郭继彬[1] 

机构地区：[1]龙岩市疾病预防控制中心,福建龙岩364000

出　　处：《预防医学论坛》2014年第12期883-885,共3页Preventive Medicine Tribune

基　　金：福建省区域科技重大项目(2010Y3006)

摘　　要：目的了解闽西矿区主要污染源及引发的职业病种类,为有效治理作业环境和防治职业病提供科学依据。方法分析不同规模、经济类型、行业的企业分布情况,并对工作场所职业卫生检测、劳动者职业健康检查和职业病诊断报告结果进行回顾性分析。结果闽西矿区158家企业中,规模大、中、小型分别为15、26、117家,其中国有企业、私营企业、港澳台商及外商投资的企业分别为24、123、11家,分布在24个行业。158家企业中存在生产性粉尘6种、生产性毒物19种、物理因素2种;2013年共检测职业病危害因素作业点2 897个,合格率81.36%。体检接害工人9 984名,发现职业禁忌证185人,检出率1.85%,疑似职业病387人,检出率3.88%;共诊断尘肺病374例,诊断职业性慢性铅中毒26例。结论闽西矿区的主要污染源是煤尘、矽尘和铅,引发的主要职业病种类是煤工尘肺、矽肺和职业性慢性铅中毒。应加强小型、私营企业和煤炭行业的职业卫生监督管理。Objective To understand the main pollution sources and occupational disease types in Minxi mining area,so as to provide scientific basis for the work environment improvement and occupational disease prevention and control. Methods Enterprises of different scale, different economic type, different industries were analyzed, and the work places were tested,Occupational health examination and occupational disease diagnosis results were retrospectively analyzed. Results Among the 158 enterprises in Minxi mining area,large enterprises,medium-sized enterprises and small enterprises were respectively 15,26, and 117; among them, state-owned enterprises, private enterprises, Hong Kong and Taiwan businessmen and foreign businessmen invested enterprises were 24,123 and 11;they were contained in 24 industries. The 158 enterprises contained 6 kinds of productive dust, 19 kinds of productive toxicants and 2 kinds of physical factors;There were 2 897 occupational hazard factors operating points were tested in 2013 ,the pass rate was 81.36%.9 984 workers exposed to occupational hazards accepted the health examination. 185 cases were contraindication, the detection rate was 1.85 %; 387 cases were the suspected occupational disease,the detection rate was 3.88% ;374 cases were diagnosed pneumoconiosis and 26 cases were diagnosed occupational chronic lead poisoning. Conclusion The main pollution sources in Minxi mining area are coal dust, silicious dust and lead, the main occupational disease types are coal workers＇ pneumoconiosis, silicosis and occupational chronic lead poisoning. Occupational health supervision and management should be strengthened on the small enterprises, private enterprises and coal industry.

关 键 词：矿区 污染源 职业病种类 

分 类 号：R135[医药卫生—劳动卫生]