空间相机用爆炸螺栓防护装置  

Protecting device for explosive bolt in space camera

作　　者：王书新[1] 李景林[1] 齐光[1] 李丽富[1] 陈长征[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所,吉林长春130033

出　　处：《光学精密工程》2014年第12期3318-3323,共6页Optics and Precision Engineering

基　　金：国家863高技术研究发展计划资助项目(No.86325113B)

摘　　要：根据爆炸螺栓防护装置对结构尺寸的需求,设计了一种并联式联接结构的防护装置。结合爆炸螺栓阶梯状外形,采用防护挡板吸能变形的方法实现了星上爆炸螺栓的防护。研究了材料应力应变曲线在屈服阶段的特点,建立了以强度极限为衡量防护是否失效的阈值,以破坏应变与塑性应变的比值为评价防护装置安全性能的标准。然后,采用Abaqus/Explicit对防护装置的防护性能进行了碰撞仿真分析。最后,通过爆炸螺栓解锁试验验证了防护装置的防护性能。碰撞仿真分析表明:防护螺杆最大应力为897 MPa,小于该批次TC4材料的强度极限;最大塑性应变为2.2%,小于材料许用塑性应变2.6%;说明该防护装置在爆炸螺栓撞击下未发生破坏,具有足够的安全系数。爆炸螺栓解锁试验表明:防护挡板有轻微残余塑性变形,防护装置各零件结构完整、无破裂现象发生。这些结果说明:该防护装置结构紧凑,且能够安全有效地实现爆炸螺栓防护。According to the demand of a protecting device of an explosive bolt for structure sizes,a shunt-would protecting device was designed to unlock the redundant connection between a space camera and a satellite.On the basis of the ladder-like profile of the explosive bolt,the protection of explosive bolt on the space camera was implemented by introducing the flexure plate absorb the kinetic energy of bolts to deform.According to the feature of trueσ-εcurve in the yield stage,the strength limit was used as a threshold to determine the structures to be fail or not,and the ratio of plastic strain to fail strain was adopted to estimate the safety performance of the device.Then,Abaqus/Explicit was used to analyze the protecting effect of device suffering from the collision.Finally,aphysical experiment was carried out to validate further the design.The simulation results show that protecting bolts made of TC4 suffer the maximum stress about 897 MPa,less than strength limit;and the maximum strain is about 2.2%,less than allowable plastic strain（about 2.6%）.These results indicate that the device endures the impact from explosive bolts with sufficient safety.The experimentshows that protecting plate presents light plastic deformation,and each part of the device has complete structure without a fracture or splinter.The proposed design is characterized by a compact size and effective protecting performance.

关 键 词：空间相机 爆炸螺栓 防护装置 强度极限 

分 类 号：V447.3[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]