从推行多党民主制到合作反恐:后冷战时期美国对肯尼亚政策(1990—2005)  

From Multiparty Democracy to Anti-Terrorism:US Policy Toward Kenya in Post-Cold-War Era(1990—2005)

作　　者：崔戈[1] 

机构地区：[1]大连理工大学亚太与全球战略研究中心

出　　处：《国际论坛》2015年第1期74-78,81,共5页International Forum

基　　金：作者主持的教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目"冷战后美国非洲战略三次重大调整及其与美国国家大战略关系的研究"(项目编号:13YJCGJW002)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：肯尼亚位于大非洲之角的战略位置以及殖民时期与宗主国英国的紧密联系,使其在独立后美苏争霸的冷战时期一直是西方阵营坚定的盟友,并成为支撑美国在东非与非洲之角利益的重要国家。冷战结束后,肯尼亚的战略重要性下降,又因老布什政府在非洲推行多党民主制,美肯关系曾一度紧张。克林顿政府上台后,美在非洲经济利益的凸显和恐怖主义威胁的日趋严峻,特别是1998年美驻肯大使馆恐怖袭击事件,使得美再度重视美肯关系。"9·11"后,美国调整其国家安全战略,将反恐列为首要任务,肯尼亚成为美在非反恐战略的三个支柱性区域大国之一,美肯关系全面提升。Positioned strategically in the Greater Horn of Africa,Kenya had remained as the main pro-Western country and a great ally of the US in the region since its independence,due to its strong intricate commercial ties with its former colonial power Britain.During the Cold War,Kenyaplayed a key role in US strategy toward East Africa and the Horn of Africa,thus becoming a major aid beneficiary of the US.With the collapse of the Soviet Union,the importance of Kenya had been downgraded,and the relations between the US and Kenya were strained as a result of the pressure from the Bush Sr.Administration for multiparty democracy.During Clinton's terms,economic benefit from Africa and the sustained deterioration in terrorism regained Kenya's weight in US strategy in Africa.After'9·11',Bush re-adjusted the National Security Strategy of the US and placed anti-terrorism as the priority.Kenya was selected as one of the three anchor countries in Sub-Saharan Africa and US-Kenya relations has been fully upgraded.

关 键 词：肯尼亚 肯美关系 援助 反恐 

分 类 号：D50[政治法律—政治学]