孕前体重指数及孕期体重对母婴结局的影响  

Effect of pre- pregnancy body mass index and gestational weight on maternal and infantile outcomes

作　　者：金海英[1] 何艳君[1] 冯惠庆[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东省中山市博爱医院妇产科,528400

出　　处：《中国妇幼保健》2015年第1期26-29,共4页Maternal and Child Health Care of China

摘　　要：目的:探讨孕前体重指数(BMI)及孕期体重对母婴结局的影响。方法:回顾性分析688名孕妇的临床资料,包括孕前BMI、孕期的体重增加情况以及其母婴结局。结果:不同孕前BMI分组中妊娠期高血压疾病(HDCP)、新生儿出生体重和新生儿窒息的分布差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),不同孕期体重增加状况分组中生产胎龄、HDCP、妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)和新生儿出生体重分布差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。logistic回归分析结果表明孕前低BMI是低体重儿的危险因素(P<0.05),孕前高BMI是HDCP、巨大儿和新生儿窒息的危险因素(P<0.05);孕期增重不足是早产、GDM和低体重儿的危险因素(P<0.05),孕期增重超重是HDCP、GDM和巨大儿的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论:孕前过低或过高的BMI以及孕期不适宜的体重增加均与不良的母婴结局有关,育龄妇女应该调整BMI至适宜范围,孕妇应该注意营养的适量补充,对于孕期体重异常增加的孕妇应该加强围产期的管理和临床干预,降低不良围产结局的风险。Objective： To explore the effect of pre - pregnancy body mass index （BMI） and gestational weight on maternal and in- fantile outcomes. Methods： The clinical data of 688 pregnant women were retrospectively analyzed, including pre - pregnancy BMI, body weight gain during pregnancy, maternal and infantile outcomes. Results： There were statistically significant differences in the incidence rates of hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy （ HDCP）, neonatal birth weight and neonatal asphyxia among the pregnant women with different pre - pregnancy BMI （ P 〈 0. 05 ） ; there were statistically significant differences in fetal age, the incidence rates of HDCP and gestational diabetes meUitus （GDM） and neonatal birth weight among the pregnant women with different body weight gains during pregnancy （P 〈 0. 05） . The results of Logistic regression analysis showed that low pre - pregnancy BMI was the risk factor of low birth weight infants （P 〈 0. 05 ）, high pre - pregnancy BMI was the risk factor of HDCP, macrosomia and neonatal asphyxia （ P 〈 0. 05 ） ; low body weight gain during pregnancy was the risk factor of premature birth, GDM and low birth weight infants （P 〈 0. 05 ）, excessive body weight gain during pregnancy was the risk factor of HDCP, GDM and macrosomia （P 〈 0. 05） . Conclusion： Low or high pre - pregnancy BMI and inappro- priate body weight gain during pregnancy are correlated with adverse maternal and infantile outcomes, BMI of women of childbearing age should be adjusted to appropriate range, the pregnant women should pay more attention to reasonable nutritional supplementation, perinatal management and clinical intervention should be strengthened among the pregnant women with abnormal body weight gain during pregnancy to reduce the risk of adverse perinatal outcome.

关 键 词：孕前体重指数 孕期增重 母婴结局 

分 类 号：R173[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]