甜菜铁素吸收特点及其对光合性能的影响  

Study on iron uptake capacities of sugar beet and the effects of iron on photosynthetic physiology

作　　者：邵科[1] 马靖靖[1] 李国龙[1] 邵世勤[1] 张少英[1] 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学甜菜生理研究所,内蒙古呼和浩特010018

出　　处：《南京农业大学学报》2015年第1期15-20,共6页Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31260347);国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-210304)

摘　　要：[目的]揭示甜菜吸收铁素的规律和铁素对甜菜的生理作用,为甜菜合理利用铁素提供科学依据。[方法]在田间试验条件下,研究了甜菜不同生育时期植株吸收铁素的规律和特点,以及叶面喷施铁素对其光合生理指标和相关酶活性的影响。[结果]甜菜植株中铁素含量随生育进程先升后降,最高时期在块根及糖分增长期;随生育进程铁素积累量逐渐增加;甜菜对铁素吸收性能最强的时期在叶丛快速生长期至块根及糖分增长期,在该时期叶面喷施1~5 g·L^-1硫酸亚铁溶液,甜菜产量增加5.05%~8.87%,含糖率提高0.42%~0.67%,产糖量增加7.74%~13.29%,且铁素含量、叶绿素含量、光合生产率、CO2同化率及气孔导度均有所增加,核酮糖二磷酸羧化酶和蔗糖磷酸合成酶活性增强。[结论]铁素改善了甜菜光合性能,为块根生长和糖分积累奠定了物质基础。[Objectives]The aim is to reveal the trend of sugar beet iron element content change,the physiological function and to provide scientific basis for rational iron fertilization to sugar beet. [Methods]Iron element uptake capacity and the effects on photosynthetic physiological indexes and related enzyme activity by spraying iron on sugar beet（ Beta vulgaris L.） at different growth stages were studied in a field experiment. [Results]The content of iron in the whole plant,with the development process,increased firstly and then decreased,the metabolism of iron element reached the most active status at the root and sugar rapid growth stage in different cultivars; The accumulation of iron in the whole plant,with the development process,increased gradually. Iron element uptake capacities reached the highest between the foliage rapid growth stage and the root and sugar growth stage; During this period,spraying iron element（ 1-5 g·L^-1Fe SO4） had a significant effect,and the yield increased from 5.05% to 8.87%,sugar content was elevated from0.42% to 0.67%,and sugar yield increased from 7. 74% to 13. 29%. After spraying iron element,the content of iron in the whole plant,the chlorophyll content,photosynthetic productivity,carbon assimilation rate and stomatal conductance increased,ribulose bishosphate carboxylase / oxygenase and sucrose phosphate synthase also increased. [Conclusions]This indicated that iron is helpful in improving the efficiency of photosynthesis,so as to achieve the purpose of increasing yield and sugar content.

关 键 词：甜菜 铁素含量 积累量 吸收性能 光合效率 蔗糖合成相关酶 

分 类 号：S566.3[农业科学—作物学]