医疗废物焚烧炉启炉过程二英排放特性  

PCDD/Fs emission characteristics of medical waste incinerator during start-up procedure

作　　者：王奇[1] 陈佳[2] 王超[1] 李敏[1] 陈彤[1] 陆胜勇[1] 李晓东[1] 蒋旭光[1] 严建华[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学能源清洁利用国家重点实验室,浙江杭州310027 [2]中国船舶重工集团公司第七一一研究所,上海201108

出　　处：《化工学报》2015年第1期419-425,共7页CIESC Journal

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2011CB201503);环保公益性行业科研专项资助项目(201209022)~~

摘　　要：选择了位于华东地区的某医疗废物焚烧处置设施开展启炉过程与正常工况下烟气和飞灰的二英排放特性对比研究。数据显示,启炉后期烟气中二英的浓度达到1.68 ng I-TEQ·m-3,在焚烧炉温度稳定以后12 h,达到2.77 ng I-TEQ·m-3,飞灰中二英毒性当量水平也达到4.5 ng I-TEQ·g-1。启炉过程中烟气中气相二英所占比例逐渐增加,从平均占到50%增加到超过90%。启炉过程中烟气二英排放速率高于其正常达标时的排放水平,最高值为58.1μg I-TEQ·h-1,超过正常排放的40倍。一个启炉周期二英的排放总量达到0.785 mg I-TEQ,达标正常工况下二英的年排放总量为8.4 mg I-TEQ,按照平均每年3次启炉来计算,启炉过程二英的排放量占到全年正常排放的28%。In order to study the emissions of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/polychlorinated dibenzofurans （PCDD/Fs） during the transient and steady conditions of a medical waste incinerator （MWI） in east China, PCDD/Fs distributions and emission rate under different operating conditions of MWI was investigated. Flue gas sampling of MWI was conducted in accordance with operating conditions, start-up 1, start-up 2, start-up 3 and start-up 4 （four samples）, 12 h after start-up（after-start 1, after-start 2, two samples） and 24 h after start-up （after-start 3, after-start 4, two samples）. The I-TEQ values of flue gas were 1.68 ng I-TEQ·m？3 at the end of start-up and 2.77 ng I-TEQ·m-3 at 12 h after start-up, while the I-TEQ values of fly ash was 4.5 ng I-TEQ·g？1. The average concentrations of the PCDD/Fs emissions at start-up （0.78 ng I-TEQ·m？3） and after-start （1.5 ng I-TEQ·m？3） exceeded the emission limit （0.5 ng I-TEQ·m？3） for MWIs in China. The PCDD/Fs concentrations at 24 h after start-up （after-start 3, after-start 4） were still above the emission limit, which was proved as a“memory emission”effect due to the start-up conditions. The PCDFs/PCDDs ratio ranged from 0.14 to 0.95 at the beginning of start-up and from 5.46 to 6.29 during the after-start process, which meant PCDFs were dominant in the flue nbsp;gases of MWI. PCDD/Fs congener profiles of flue gas samples during start-up and after-start were characterized by higher chlorinated PCDD/Fs. The PCDD/Fs congener profiles of fly ash samples were similar to flue gases, also mainly dominated by 2,3,4,7,8-PeCDF. PCDD/Fs in particle phase at the beginning of start-up accounted for 50%, while gas phase PCDD/Fs accounted for over 90%at 12 h after start-up. The PCDD/Fs emission rates of flue gas during start-up were much higher than normal conditions. The highest emission rate was 58.1μg I-TEQ·h^-1, 40 times higher than the normal level. The total PCDD/Fs emission during start-up was 0.785 mg I-TEQ. The start-up of t

关 键 词：废物处理 烟道气 二 英 启炉 记忆效应 排放特性 污染 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]