天津于桥水库流域典型景观类型时空演变分析  

Spatiotemporal patterns of typical landscapes in the Yuqiao watershed,Tianjin

作　　者：陈萍[1] 李崇巍[1] 王中良[1,2] 孟伟庆[1] 包姗姗[1] 谢慧君[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津师范大学城市与环境科学学院,天津市水资源与水环境重点实验室,天津300387 [2]中国科学院地球化学研究所,环境地球化学国家重点实验室,贵阳550002

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2015年第1期227-236,共10页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31270510和41301096);国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAC07B02);教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划(NCET-10-0954);天津市高等学校"创新团队培养计划"(TD12-5037)资助

摘　　要：流域典型景观类型变化影响着流域生态水文过程,从而也关乎流域水环境安全。本研究以天津于桥水库流域为例,基于5期不同的卫星影像,利用轨迹分析及景观格局指数等方法,研究流域土地利用变化轨迹模型以及研究时间段内典型景观类型的空间分布格局及近30年的演变过程。结果表明:1984—2013年于桥水库流域景观格局变化显著,城镇、园地和草地增加明显,林地、耕地减少显著,林地面积减幅达50%;30年来流域土地利用变化面积占整个流域面积的63.11%,其中,人为因素引起的变化轨迹占所有变化轨迹的96.65%,变化类型主要包括耕地-城镇、林地-耕地/园地、林地-草地等的转化,变化轨迹主要分布于北部丘陵与北部平原等地区;典型景观类型的变化趋势与整个流域变化趋势基本一致,各景观类型破碎化程度总体呈上升趋势,连通性降低,景观多样性缓慢上升,景观格局异质性变高。Changes in typical landscapes have an important influence on the eco-hydrological processes and thus water environment security at the watershed scale. In this study, we adopted land use/cover change trajectories in combination with landscape ecology approaches, to investi- gate the spatiotemporal variability in typical landscapes of Yuqiao watershed, Tianjin during the past 30 years based on Landsat MSS images from 1984 to 2013. The land use/covers exhibit re- markable changes, with 50% and 33% decreases in woodland and farmland, respectively. The changes in land use/cover occur largely in north hilly and northern plain regions, representing about 63.11% of the whole watershed, of which about 96.65% of changes is caused by human ac- tivity. The variation of typical landscapes has a similar pattern to that of the whole watershed, ex- hibiting an overall upward trend in landscape fragmentation for each landscape type with lowered connectivity. The landscape diversity reveals a trend of gradual increase and the heterogeneity of landscape pattern is enhanced.

关 键 词：景观类型 土地利用变化 景观格局 变化轨迹 

分 类 号：P901[天文地球—自然地理学]