昆明烟区烤烟主栽品种海拔适应性研究  

Analysis of altitude adaptability of main flue-cured tobacco varieties in Kunming City

作　　者：王育军[1] 周冀衡[1] 李强 张一扬[1] 沈晗[1,2] 鲁鑫浪[1] 程昌新[3] 喻曦[4] 

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学烟草研究院,长沙410128 [2]上海烟草集团有限责任公司,上海200082 [3]红云红河烟草(集团)有限责任公司,昆明650202 [4]云南省烟草公司昆明市分公司,昆明650202

出　　处：《中国生态农业学报》2015年第1期52-60,共9页Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture

基　　金：红云红河烟草(集团)有限责任公司云南基地烤烟品种立体优化布局研究项目(HYHH2012YL03)资助

摘　　要：生态条件对烟叶品质影响重大，而海拔是一个综合性的生态指标，研究海拔对烟叶品质的影响对指导烤烟品种立体优化布局具有重要意义。本研究为探讨昆明烟区烤烟主栽品种‘K326’、‘红花大金元’和‘云烟87’的海拔适应性，在栽培措施一致的前提下，分别在石林县和宜良县的4个植烟乡镇，以每200 m为海拔梯度，从海拔1400 m至2200 m共布置12个试验点，研究了海拔对3个烤烟品种物理性状、化学成分含量和感官评吸质量的影响。结果表明：①‘K326’、‘红花大金元’和‘云烟87’对种植海拔的敏感性表现为：‘红花大金元’〉‘K326’〉‘云烟87’，烟叶化学成分含量比物理性状和评吸质量对海拔高度更敏感；②在1400-2200 m的研究范围内，烟叶开片度、总氮、烟碱、钾、氯、多酚和柔和性与海拔高度呈显著或极显著负相关，含水率、总糖、还原糖和刺激性与海拔呈显著或极显著正相关；③综合烟叶常规化学成分、多酚和香气物质含量认为，昆明烟区主栽品种‘K326’、‘红花大金元’和‘云烟87’均更适宜种植在1400-1800 m的海拔区间，且烟叶品质表现为‘红花大金元’〉‘K326’〉‘云烟87’。Abstract Ecological conditions greatly influence tobacco leaf quality, and elevation is a comprehensive index for ecological analysis. It is therefore critical to study the effect of altitude on tobacco leaf quality so as to guide three-dimensional optimization layout of flue-cured tobacco varieties. In this study, altitude adaptability of tobacco varieties of ＇K326＇, ＇Honghuadajinyuan＇ and ＇Yunyan 87＇ were determined in 4 main tobacco growing townships in Shilin County and Yiliang County, Kunming City. Data were collected in experiments conducted at 12 sites at every 200 m in the altitude range of 1 400-2 200 m, where cultivation practices were largely consistent. The effects of altitude on physical properties, chemical properties and smoking quality of flue-cured tobacco were determined. The result suggested that the sensitivity of flue-cured tobacco varieties to altitude decreased in order as follows： ＇Honghuadajinyuan＇ 〉 ＇K326＇ 〉 ＇Yunyan 87＇. Also the chemical components of leaves were more sensitive to altitude than the physical properties and smoking quality of leaves. In the 1 400-2 200 m altitude range, altitude was significantly or extremely significantly correlated （negative） with leaf opening degree, total nitrogen content, nicotine content, potassium content, chlorine and main polyphenols contents. Also in the 1 400-2 200 m altitude range, altitude was significantly or extremely significantly correlation （positive） with moishure content, total sugar and reducing sugar contents and irritancy. In summary, the integrated analysis showedthat leaf chemical components, polyphenol content and aroma properties of ＇K326＇, ＇Honghuadajinyuan＇ and ＇Yunyan 87＇ were optimum at an altitude range of 1 400-1 800 m in Ktmming City. Tobacco leaf quality decreased in order as follows： ＇Honghuadajinyuan＇ 〉 ＇K326＇ 〉 ＇Yunyan 87＇.

关 键 词：烤烟 海拔 物理指标 化学成分 评吸质量 云南省昆明市 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]