内蒙古野生长柄扁桃优良单株果核性状的遗传变异分析  

Genetic variation of fine individual plant's seed characteristics of wild Amygdalus pcdunculata Pall in Inner Mongolia

作　　者：乌云塔娜[1] 包文泉[1] 左丝雨 

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院经济林研究开发中心,河南郑州450003 [2]中南林业科技大学林学院,湖南长沙410004

出　　处：《经济林研究》2014年第4期18-22,共5页Non-wood Forest Research

基　　金："十二五"科技支撑项目"仁用杏和巴旦杏高效生产关键技术研究与示范"(2013BAD14B02)

摘　　要：为了研究内蒙古野生长柄扁桃重要性状的遗传变异及遗传多样性,对内蒙古野生长柄扁桃优良单株果核性状的变异程度、变异类型、果核性状与产量和出仁率间的相关性进行了研究。结果表明:长柄扁桃单核质量、核长、核宽、核壳厚度、核径等数量性状均有较大变异,其中单核质量和核壳厚的变异较大,其变异系数分别为0.30、0.27,说明核质量的选择潜力最大;根据核质量变异分为4个类型,即中、较大、大、很大核型;根据核长变异将分为7个类型,即很短、短、较短、中、较长、长、很长核型;根据核宽分为5个类型,即较窄、中、较宽、宽、很宽核型;根据核壳厚度变异将分为4组,即较薄、中、较厚、厚核型;根据核径长变异分为5组,即很短、短、较短、中、较长核径型;长柄扁桃果核性状与出仁率无显著相关,核质量与产量呈极显著负相关。该结论为野生长柄扁桃资源评价及新品种选育提供了理论依据和实践指导。In order to study the genetic variation and genetic diversity of important traits of wild Amygdalus pcdunculata Pall in Inner Mongolia, the correlation of yield and kernel rate with variation extent, variation form and characteristics of fine individual plants＇ seed characteristics of wild A. pcdunculata Pall in Inner Mongolia were researched. The research showed that the quantitative characteristics of single seed mass, length, width, coat thickness and diameter in A. pcdunculata Pall had big variations. Single seed mass and seed coat thickness had bigger variations, and coefficients of variation were 0.30 and 0.27 respectively. So seed mass had the biggest selection potential. Based on seed mass variation, the seeds could be divided into 4 groups, i.e. middle seed, bigger seed, big seed, and very big seed. Based on seed length variation, the seeds could be divided into 7 groups, i.e. minimal short seed, short seed, shorter seed, middle seed, longer seed, long seed, and maximum long seed. Based on seed width variation, the seeds could be divided into 5 groups, i.e. narrower seed, middle seed, wider seed, wide seed, and very wide seed. Based on seed coat thickness variation, the seeds could be divided into 4 groups, i.e. thinner seed coat, middle seed coat, thicker seed coat, and thick seed coat. Based on seed diameter variation, the seeds could be divided into 5 groups, i.e. very short diameter, short diameter, shorter diameter, middle diameter, and longer diameter. Seed characteristics in A. pcdunculata Pall had no significant correlation with kernel rate, and seed mass had very significant negative correlation with yield. The conclusion can offer a theoretical basis and practice instruction for resources evaluation and breeding of new varieties of wild A. pcdunculata Pall.

关 键 词：长柄扁桃 果核性状 优良单株 遗传变异 

分 类 号：S662.1[农业科学—果树学]