不同株型观赏桃的生长及光合特性比较研究  

Comparison of growth and photosynthetic characteristics of ornamental peach trees with different plant types

作　　者：谢玲[1] 刘卫东[1] 冯斌义 梁文斌[1] 马英[1] 袁霞[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南林业科技大学林学院,湖南长沙410004 [2]湖南省绿林市政景观工程有限公司海口分公司,海南海口570100

出　　处：《经济林研究》2014年第4期103-109,共7页Non-wood Forest Research

基　　金：湖南省自然科学省市联合基金(12JJ8006)

摘　　要：为了研究不同株型观赏桃的生长特性和光合差异,采用美国产Li-6400光合测定仪,对不同株型观赏桃叶片的光合指标进行了测定,使用仪器测量和丙酮提取法等手段对其生长指标、叶绿素含量、比叶重进行了定量分析。在立地条件基本相同的大田条件下,对同年龄不同株型观赏桃的生长指标、光合参数、叶片叶绿素Chl.含量、比叶重SLW进行了比较研究。结果表明:不同株型观赏桃的生长存在较大差异,高大的杂种山桃、帚型观赏桃比同期低矮的垂枝型和寿星型地径生长更快,株型高大植株的叶片比矮小植株的叶片稍小;利用表观光量子效率AQY、光补偿点LCP、光饱和点LSP、最大净光合速率Pmax值研究光合作用,发现寿星型和帚型等紧凑型的植株利用弱光性较强,表观光量子效率AQY都高于其他株型的观赏桃,而光补偿点LCP、光饱和点LSP低于其他株型,株型紧凑的观赏桃比疏松的观赏桃更耐阴,而与植株的高矮无关,但从最大净光合速率Pmax看出,植株较高的帚型和直枝型比植株较矮的垂枝型和寿星型光合作用较强;株型高大的植物吸收光的能力强,叶绿素Chl.含量也越高;垂枝型、直枝型和杂种山桃因株型较疏松,利于对光线的吸收,比叶重SLW较高,且比叶重SLW与植株高矮无关。In order to study differences among growth characteristics and among photosynthetic characteristics of ornamental peach with different plant types, some photosynthetic indexes of ornamental peach leaves with different plant types were determined by using L6400 photosynthesis analyzer produced by the United States, and some growth indexes, chlorophyll content and specific leaf weight were quantitatively analyzed through using instruments measuring and acetone extraction methods. Under the same site conditions in field, growth indexes, photosynthetic parameters, chlorophyll content and specific leaf weight of ornamental peach tree with different plant types at the same age were compared. The results showed that growth indexes of ornamental peach with different plant types had significant differences. Ground diameters of tall hybrid Prunus davidiana and broom-type ornamental peach quickly grew than that of low plants of hanger wood type and longevity type at the same period. The tall plants had smaller leaves than that of low plants. The determined photosynthetic indexes included apparent quantum efficiency AQY, light compensation point LCP, light saturation point LSP, and maximum net photosynthetic rate Pmax values. The compact plants of longevity type and broom type had stronger utilization for weak light, higher apparent quantum efficiency AQY, lower light compensation point LCP, and lower light saturation point LSP than those of the ornamental peach with other plant types. Compact ornamental peach trees had more shade tolerant than loose trees, which had nothing to do with height. However, in terms of the maximum net photosynthetic rate Pmax, the high broom-type and straight-wood-type plants had stronger photosynthesis than the low hanger-wood-type and longevity-type plants. The high plants had stronger ability of absorbing light and higher chlorophyll content than the low plants. The loose plant types of hanger-wood plants, straight- wood and hybrid P. davidiana were conducive to absorbing light energy, and had

关 键 词：观赏桃 株型 光合参数 叶绿素 比叶重 

分 类 号：S662.1[农业科学—果树学]