保留入声的汉语方言  

Entering Tonesin Modern Chinese Dialects

作　　者：项梦冰[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学中文系暨中国语言学研究中心,北京100871 [2]北京大学计算语言学教育部重点实验室,北京100871

出　　处：《贺州学院学报》2014年第4期25-32,共8页Journal of Hezhou University

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目(2009JJD740002)

摘　　要：根据《汉语方言地图集》语音卷013图介绍930个汉语方言点保留入声的情况,并绘制必要的方言地图。官话多数方言的入声已消失,但保留入声的方言也超过了四分之一数,主要集中在晋陕官话、江淮官话和部分西南官话。南方方言中,粤语、闽语、吴语、客家话入声都保留得比较好,赣语和湘语则有所落差。保留入声的汉语方言,多数尚能同时保留入声韵尾,但西南官话保留入声韵尾的方言已经很少,湘语则完全失落。从入声和入声韵的演变情况看,湘语是南方方言中最为创新的一支,跟西南官话的表现非常接近。According to the Map 013 in the phonetics volume of Linguistic Atlas of Chinese Dialects, this paper observes the pronunciation of ancient entering tone words in 930 Chinese locations, and Some fundamental maps are also provided. Most Mandarin dialects have no entering tone while in some dialects, more than the number of 1/4, entering tone is retained, mainly concentrated in the Jinshan Mandarin, Jianghuai Mandarin and parts of Southwestern Mandarin. In Southern dialect, entering tone is retained fully in Yue, Min, Wu and Hakka dialect while it has decreased significantly in Gan and Xiang dialect. The entering endings are more or less preserved in most dialects with entering tone, but in Southwestern Mandarin and Xiang dialect, entering endings is very rare or completely lost. From view of the development of the entering tone and endings, Xiang dialect is the most innovative among Southern dialects and very close to Southwestern Mandarin.

关 键 词：《汉语方言地图集》 入声 方言地图 

分 类 号：H17[语言文字—汉语]