天然降雨条件下3种土壤坡面的侵蚀过程及颗粒组成  

Soil erosion process and particle composition of three soil types in natural rainfalls

作　　者：张腾飞[1] 查轩[1] 黄少燕[1] 

机构地区：[1]福建省亚热带资源与环境重点实验室,福建师范大学地理科学学院,福州350007

出　　处：《中国水土保持科学》2014年第6期30-35,共6页Science of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目"强度侵蚀区退化生态系统修复关键技术的集成与示范"(2014BAD15B02);国家重点基础研究发展计划973项目"南方红壤区水土流失综合调控原理与治理范式"(2007CB407207)

摘　　要：选取南方红壤侵蚀区3种典型的侵蚀土壤坡面和3场具有代表性的天然降雨,在同等试验条件下对其产流产沙规律及降雨前后坡面土壤颗粒组成进行对比。结果表明:在相同的侵蚀条件下,3种土壤的径流量表现为紫色土>花岗岩红壤>第四纪红黏土;产沙量表现为花岗岩红壤>紫色土>第四纪红黏土;通过降雨前后3种土壤表面的颗粒组成比较发现,3种土壤表面颗粒均有粗化的趋势。大量细颗粒的流失,是造成土壤退化乃至生态恶化的重要原因。By selecting three typical soil categories and three representative natural rainfalls in southern red soil erosion area,we studied the regularity of the runoff and sediment yield and compared the soil particle composition before and after the rainfalls under the same testing conditions. Under the same erosion conditions,runoff of three types of soil followed the order of purple soil granite red soil quaternary red clay,and the sediment yield ranked as granite red soil purple soil quaternary red clay. Comparison of particle composition on the soil surface before and after rainfalls revealed that the dimension of three types of particles on the surface had a tendency of increasing. Loss of a large amount of fine particles is the major cause of soil degradation and ecological deterioration.

关 键 词：天然降雨 颗粒组成 土壤侵蚀 过程 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学]