硫熏和浸润对山药总灰分的影响及其机制探析  

Effect and Underlying Mechanism of Sulfur-fumigation and Water-soaking on Total Ash of Dioscoreae Rhizoma

作　　者：郑玉忠[1,2] 张振霞[1] 谢丽玲[3] 乐智勇 贺震旦[4] 詹华强[5] 曹晖 

机构地区：[1]韩山师范学院生物学系,广东潮州521041 [2]康美药业股份有限公司 [3]汕头大学生物系 [4]深圳大学医学院 [5]香港科技大学生命科学部 [6]国家中药现代化工程技术研究中心

出　　处：《中国药师》2015年第1期69-73,共5页China Pharmacist

基　　金：深港创新圈联合研发项目(编号:SGLH20120926161415784);香港创新及科技支持计划及粤港科技合作资助计划(编号:GHP/059/12SZ-P0096);康美药业博士后工作站项目;韩山师范学院博士启动项目(编号:QD20120626)

摘　　要：目的:探索硫熏或清水浸润对山药总灰分的影响及其机制,揭示影响山药总灰分的关键因素,探讨《中国药典》中山药灰分限量的合理性。方法:分别采用硫磺熏蒸和清水浸润的方法对山药进行处理,依据《中国药典》收载的灰分和SO2测定方法测定山药总灰分含量变化,根据无机盐灰分变化来探讨其作用机制。结果:硫熏会轻微减低山药的总灰分含量;而硫熏会显著减低草酸钙和硫酸钙的总灰分含量,降幅分别为7.20%和9.90%,但对磷酸钙和氯化钙的影响很小;说明硫熏对灰分的影响主要是通过提高草酸钙和硫酸钙等分解率来实现的。清水浸润能使山药总灰分含量下降,这种现象普遍存在于根茎类药材中,它对总灰分的影响要大于硫熏。结论:硫熏是通过提高草酸钙和硫酸钙等分解率来降低山药中的总灰分含量,但是影响有限,因此硫熏不是影响山药总灰分的主要因素。山药饮片制作过程中浸润会使山药中的水溶性无机盐类(Cl-、C2O42-、NO3-和SO42-等离子)大量流失,导致总灰分量降低,因此浸润是影响山药总灰分的关键因素。Objective：To study the effect and underlying mechanism of sulfur-fumigation and water-soaking on total ash of Di-oscoreae Rhizoma, find the key factor（ s） affecting the total ash of Dioscoreae Rhizoma, and explore the rationality of ash limits of Di-oscoreae Rhizoma described in Chinese Pharmacopoeia. Methods：Dioscoreae Rhizoma was respectively dealt with sulfur-fumigation and water-soaking. The changes in total ash content of Dioscoreae Rhizoma was detected by the ash determination methods for total ash and SO2 described in the pharmacopoeia, and then the ash content change of inorganic salts was used to study the mechanism. Results：Sulfur-fumigation could slightly reduce the total ash content of Dioscoreae Rhizoma, while significantly reduce the ash content of calcium oxalate and calcium sulfate with the reduction degree of 7. 20% and 9. 90%, respectively. Calcium phosphate and calcium chloride were slightly affected by sulfur-fumigation, and the results indicated that the effect of sulfur-fumigation on ash content was mainly real-ized by increasing the decomposition rate of calcium oxalate and calcium sulfate. Water-soaking could decline the ash content of Di-oscoreae Rhizoma, and the phenomenon was common in the rhizome medicinal materials. The influence of water-soaking on total ash was more significant than that of sulfur fumigation. Conclusion：Sulfur-fumigation can reduce the total ash content of Dioscoreae Rhizo-ma by increasing the decomposition rate of calcium oxalate and calcium sulfate, however, the effect is mild and the process isn＆#39;t the key influencing factor in the total ash content of Dioscoreae Rhizoma. During the preparation of Dioscoreae Rhizoma medicinal slices, water-soaking can cause the great loss of water-soluble mineral salts, such as Cl-, C2 O4 2-, NO3 - and SO4 2-, which leads to the reduction of total ash content, therefore, water-soaking is the key influencing factor in the total ash content of Dioscoreae Rhizoma.

关 键 词：山药 总灰分 硫熏 浸润 无机盐 

分 类 号：R283.1[医药卫生—中药学]