东莞地区儿童轮状病毒腹泻的流行病学调查  

Epidemiological survey on rotavirus diarrhea among children in Dongguan area

作　　者：周静[1] 李晓婷[1] 梁燕[1] 陈建安[1] 陈丽莉[1] 刘艳[1] 

机构地区：[1]中山大学附属东华医院检验科,广东东莞523110

出　　处：《国际检验医学杂志》2015年第1期73-74,共2页International Journal of Laboratory Medicine

摘　　要：目的探讨东莞地区儿童感染轮状病毒(RV)引起腹泻的流行病学特征。方法采集2012年6月至2013年5月到东莞东华医院门诊的腹泻患儿粪便标本,以免疫层析双抗体夹心法定性检测A群轮状病毒抗原(RV-A)。结果 4 967例患者中阳性共1 555例,阳性检出率33.8%;男女比例为1.9∶1。3岁以下儿童的检出率达到93%。RV腹泻病例终年未断,检出率在11月份(49.8%)和2月份(43.3%)呈现两个高峰,最低为6、10月份(16.0%)。结论东莞地区3岁以下儿童为A群RV的易感人群。RV腹泻在全年均发生,在春季和秋冬季出现两个发病高峰,应根据流行病学特点适时为儿童接种RV疫苗预防RV腹泻。Objective To investigate the epidemiologic features of rotavirus （RV） diarrhea among children in Dongguan area. Methods The stool specimens were collected from the children outpatients with acute diarrhea in the enterology clinic of our hospital from June 2012 to May 2013. The cluster A RV antigen was detected in the stool specimens by the qualitative technique of colloidal gold and immunochromatographic double antibody sandwich assay. The sex, age of onset and seasons distribution were analyzed. Results Among 4 967 cases of diarrhea,1 555 cases （33.8%） were positive for rotavirus antigen. The ratio of infected boys and girls was 1.9 ： 1. Most infected children （93%） were under the age of three. The cases of RV diarrhea were observed throughout the year;and it was found that there were two peaks of detection rate appearing in November （49.8%） and February （43.3 %）, and it was lowest in June and October （16.0%）. Conclusion Children aged under 3 years in Dongguan area are the susceptible population for cluster A RV. RV diarrhea occurs throughout the year with two peaks in spring and autumn-winter. Timely RV vaccination for children based on the epidemiologic features is effective for reducing the incidence of RV diarrhea.

关 键 词：轮状病毒 腹泻 流行病学 儿童 

分 类 号：R725.1[医药卫生—儿科]