轻金属硼氢化物可逆储氢材料研究进展  

Progress on light metal borohydrides for reversible hydrogen storage

作　　者：康向东[1] 王平[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院金属研究所沈阳材料科学国家(联合)实验室,沈阳110016

出　　处：《中国科学：技术科学》2014年第12期1271-1279,共9页Scientia Sinica(Technologica)

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划("973"计划)(批准号:2010CB631305);国家杰出青年科学基金(批准号:51125003);广西信息材料重点实验室开放基金(批准号:1110908-01-K)资助项目

摘　　要：发展高效、安全的储氢材料/技术被公认为是推进氢能规模化商业应用的关键环节.相比于高压气态和低温液态储存方式,材料基固态储氢因能量密度高且安全性好,被认为最有发展前景.在诸多储氢材料中,轻金属配位硼氢化物氢含量多>10 wt%,在储氢密度方面具有用作车载氢源的潜力,业已成为近年来储氢材料领域的研究热点.在简述轻金属配位硼氢化物储/放氢反应机理研究的基础上,着重从阴/阳离子替代、构建反应复合体系、纳米相结构调制等方面概述了改善硼氢化物综合储/放氢性能的最新研究进展,旨在明确轻金属硼氢化物储氢材料研究中的关键问题及未来研究方向.Developing a safe and efficient hydrogen storage system/technology is widely recognized as the bottleneck in promoting the commercial application of hydrogn energy. Compared to compressed gas and liquid hydrogen storage, solid-state hydrogen storage based on materials is considered as the most promising way due to its high energy desity and safety. Among many studied hydrogen storage materials, light metal borohydrides with high hydrogen capacity of over 10 wt%, have attracted intensive attenation as potential onborad hydrogen storage media. The paper reviews the latest progresses made in understanding the hydrogen storage mechansim of light metal borohydrides and improving its reversible dehydrogenation properties by using vaious methods, including cation/anion substitution, constituting reactive hydride composite and nanoconfinement. Our aim is to provide an outline the key scienticfic issue and the future research direction of light metal borohydrides in developing borohydride-based hydrogen storage system.

关 键 词：储氢 硼氢化物 热力学 动力学 可逆性 替代 反应复合体系 纳米限域 

分 类 号：TB34[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]