本院2013年痰培养病原菌的分布及耐药性分析  

Pathogenic bacteria distribution and drug resistance analysis in sputum culture on the first hospital affiliated to Guangdong Pharmaceutical University in 2013

作　　者：廖画 刘华[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东药学院附属第一医院干保科,广东广州510080

出　　处：《广东药学院学报》2014年第6期776-779,共4页Academic Journal of Guangdong College of Pharmacy

基　　金：广东省自然科学基金项目(S2011010002100)

摘　　要：目的了解本院痰培养病原菌的分布及耐药性,辅助临床医师合理选择抗生素。方法回顾性分析2013年本院痰来源标本分离的1 895株细菌的类别分布和药敏结果。结果所分离出的1 895株细菌中,革兰阴性菌占90.5%,主要为鲍曼不动杆菌(29.14%)、铜绿假单胞菌(28.07%)、肺炎克雷伯菌(15.14%)、奇异变形杆菌(8.18%)等,对常用抗生素耐药率较高。革兰阳性菌占6.02%,主要为耐甲氧金黄色葡萄球菌(3.22%)、金黄色葡萄球菌(2.06%)、肺炎链球菌(0.58%)等,均对万古霉素、替考拉宁敏感。结论痰培养药敏分析结果提示多重耐药菌、广泛耐药菌较多,建议根据药敏结果联合、轮转用药,减少同种抗生素使用时间,并采取加强细菌监测、抗生素使用管理,注重消毒、隔离等措施控制耐药菌株在本院的产生和传播。Objective To investigate the distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria isolated from sputum culture in our hospital,and provide an assistance for reasonable choice of antibiotics.Methods The distribution and drug resistance of 1 895 bacterial strains isolated from sputum culture in 2013 were analyzed retrospectively.Results In the 1 895 strains of isolated bacteria,Gram-negative bacilli accounted for 90.5%,mainly for Acinetobacter baumannii（ 29.14%）,Pseudomonas aeruginosa（ 28.07%）,Klebsiella pneumoniae（ 15.14%）,Singular proteus（ 8.18%）,etc. All of them showed high resistance to conventional antibiotics. Gram-positive bacteria accounted for 6. 02%,mainly for Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus（ 3. 22%）,Staphylococcus aureus（ 2. 06%）,Streptococcus pneumoniae（ 0. 58%）,etc,which were sensitive to vancomycin and teicoplanin. Conclusion Multiple drug-resistant bacteria and extensively drugresistant bacteria are found in sputum culture. The clinical rational drug use should consider drug susceptibility,rotary medication,the same antibiotic use time,monitoring and management of bacteria as well as disinfection and isolation measures.

关 键 词：痰培养 细菌分布 耐药性 

分 类 号：R446.5[医药卫生—诊断学]