家蚕杂交组合芳·绣×白·春的选配  

Selective Breeding of Bombyx mori Cross Combination Fang·Xiu × Bai·Chun

作　　者：张友洪[1] 沈以红[2] 肖文福[1] 周安莲[1] 肖金树[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川省农业科学院蚕业研究所,四川南充637000 [2]西南大学蚕学与系统生物学研究所,重庆400716

出　　处：《蚕业科学》2014年第6期1017-1029,共13页ACTA SERICOLOGICA SINICA

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(No.CARS-22)

摘　　要：在保持家蚕杂交组合蜀绣×渝春优良茧丝质性状的基础上,采用不完全双列杂交方法,重新组配杂交组合,提高健康性和繁育性能,以利于新品种大面积推广应用。将6个强健性夏秋蚕品种分别与原二元杂交组合蜀绣×渝春的2个亲本品种组配成9对四元杂交组合,从中筛选出目标性状最优的杂交组合芳·绣×白·春。实验室品种比较试验中,该四元杂交组合在春季饲养的虫蛹生命率96.57%,原种公斤茧制种量4.95盒,克蚁制种量17.60盒,分别比蜀绣×渝春提高5.81个百分点、51.38%、108.28%;茧丝纤度细,除鲜毛茧出丝率略低以外,其余茧丝质性状成绩均接近或超过蜀绣×渝春。四川省家蚕品种实验室联合鉴定表明,该四元杂交组合在春季饲养的虫蛹生命率、万蚕茧层量、鲜毛茧出丝率、万蚕产丝量均优于对照组合菁松×皓月;秋季饲养的虫蛹生命率、万蚕茧层量、鲜毛茧出丝率、万蚕产丝量、洁净5项成绩优于对照组合夏芳×秋白。芳·绣×白·春充分保留了蜀绣×渝春的优良茧丝质性状,并且健康性和繁育性能显著提高,已通过四川省家蚕品种审定委员会审定,适合长江中下游蚕区春蚕期和中、晚秋蚕期以及在气候条件较好的早秋蚕期饲养,生产的原料茧可缫制高品位生丝。For maintaining the excellent characters of cocoon filament and to improve the healthiness and reproductive property of silkworm（ Bombyx mori） hybrid combination Shuxiu × Yuchun,incomplete diallel crossing was employed to prepare new cross combinations for popularization and application in larger scale. The new combination,Fang·Xiu × Bai·Chun,was screened from 9 pairs of quaternionic cross combinations that were prepared from parent recombination between the 2 parent varieties of Shuxiu × Yuchun and 6 high vitality silkworm varieties for summer and autumn rearing. Laboratory variety comparative test in spring showed that its larva-pupa rate was 96. 57%,amount of eggs produced per kilogram of cocoons was 4. 95 cases,and amount of eggs produced per gram of newly hatched larvae was 17. 60 cases,which were enhanced by 5. 81 percentage points,51. 38% and 108. 28% respectively than that of Shuxiu × Yuchun. Its cocoon filament scores reached or exceeded that of Shuxiu × Yuchun except the raw silk rate of fresh cocoon. The laboratory united identification in Sichuan Province showed that its larva-pupa rate,cocoon shell weight per 10 000 larvae,raw silk rate of fresh cocoon,and silk weight per 10 000 larvae from spring rearing were higher than that of the control variety Jingsong × Haoyue,respectively. And its larva-pupa rate,cocoon shell weight per 10 000 larvae,raw silk rate of fresh cocoon,silk weight per 10 000 larvae,and neatness from autumn rearing were higher than that of the control variety Xiafang× Qiubai,respectively. The new cross combination has fully retained the excellent characters of cocoon filament of Shuxiu × Yuchun, and its healthiness and reproductive property were superior over Shuxiu × Yuchun. The newcross combination has been approved by Sichuan Silkworm Variety Evaluation Committee. It is suitable for rearing in spring,mid-autumn and late autumn or in early autumn with favorable climatic and rearing conditions in the middle and lower reaches of Changjiang River to produce raw cocoons

关 键 词：家蚕品种 芳·绣 白·春 茧丝品质 健康性 繁育性能 杂交组配 

分 类 号：S882[农业科学—特种经济动物饲养]