棉花粉蚧高温和低温品系的主要生物学参数研究  

Major biological parameters of high and low temperature strains of cotton mealybug Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley

作　　者：陈芳[1] 李慎磊[1] 陆永跃[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学资源环境学院,广东广州510642

出　　处：《广东农业科学》2014年第24期83-87,共5页Guangdong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：广东省自然科学基金(S2013010013526);广东省研究生教育创新计划项目(2013JDXM14);国家自然科学基金(31171855)

摘　　要：建立了以棉花为寄主的棉花粉蚧低温和高温品系,研究明确了这两个品系的主要生物学参数。在光周期为14L∶10D、湿度为70(±5)%、18(±1)℃和32(±1)℃的恒温条件下继代饲养观察,每代选取三龄若虫分别进行4℃冷激和50℃热激30 min处理,以比对照组存活率显著上升为指标分别建立了耐低温、耐高温品系;测定了3龄若虫、雌成虫过冷却点、体液结冰点、雌成虫体长、体宽、体重、各虫态发育历期、存活率、性比、生殖能力等主要生物学参数,组建了实验种群生命表。结果表明,低温品系雌成虫过冷却点和体液结冰点最高,分别为-15.01、-13.93℃;高温品系3龄若虫过冷却点和体液结冰点最低,分别为-24.9、-24.5℃。该虫低温品系体长、体宽和体重(4.37 mm、2.59mm、4.0 mg)均显著高于高温品系(3.22 mm、1.75 mm、1.5 mg)。低温品系的世代历期雌虫为54.10 d,雄虫为42.08 d,世代存活率为42.72%,种群趋势指数为47.47;高温品系世代历期雌虫为16.11 d,雄虫为12.08 d,世代存活率为57.71%,种群趋势指数为74.28。The high and low temperature strains of cotton mealybug Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley fed on the cotton were built up, and their major biological parameters were studied in this paper. The populations were kept for generations under the laboratory conditions [photoperiod 14L∶10D, RH 70（±5）%, constant temperature 18±1℃ and 32（±1）℃], and 3rd instar nymphs in each generation were sampled and treated by 4℃ cold shock and 50℃ heat shock for 30 min, and then the survival ratios were determined. We considered it was the temperature strain popultion when the survival ratio increased significantly compared to the control group. The supercooling points and freezing points of 3rd instar nymphs and female adults of high and low temperature strain populations were determined, and the body length, width and weight of female adults were also presented. Meanwhile, the development durations, survivorships, sex rations, fecundity were investigated, and the life tables of the laboratory populations were constructed. The results showed that the supercooling points and freezing points of the female adults of low temperature strain were the highest with-15.01℃ and-13.93℃, and those of the female adult of high temperature strain were the lowest as-24.9℃ and-24.5℃. The female adult body length,width and weight（4.37 mm, 2.59 mm and 4.0 mg） of the low temperature strain were significantly higher than those（3.22 mm, 1.75 mm and 1.5 mg） of the high one. The generation durations of low temperature strain females and males were54.10 d and 42.08 d, and the survival rate and population trend index were 42.72% and 47.47, while those of high temperature strain with 16.11 d, 12.08 d, 57.81% and 74.28.

关 键 词：棉花粉蚧 低温 高温 生物学参数 

分 类 号：S435.62[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]