2014年初雪龙船在南极被海冰围困期间海洋气象环境分析  

ANALYSIS OF OCEANIC AND METEOROLOGICAL ELEMENTS WHEN R / V XUELONG TRAPPED IN THE ANTARCTIC PACK ICE ZONE IN EARLY JANUARY 2014

作　　者：张林[1] 李春花[1] 柴先明[2] 魏立新[1] 李明[1] 孙启振[1] 李志强[1] 赵杰臣[1] 赵彪[1] 刘富彬 田忠翔[1] 孟上[1] 孙虎林[1] 马静[1] 苏博[1] 于海鹏[1] 刘洋[1] 

机构地区：[1]国家海洋环境预报中心,国家海洋局海洋灾害预报技术研究重点实验室,北京100081 [2]北京市遥感信息研究所,北京100192

出　　处：《极地研究》2014年第4期487-495,共9页Chinese Journal of Polar Research

基　　金：南北极环境综合考察与评估专项(CHINARE01-01;02-04;04-01);国家自然科学基金(41076128;41206185;41376005);中国极地科学战略研究基金(20120317)资助

摘　　要：2014年初雪龙船为救援俄罗斯"绍卡利斯基院士"号船,在南极联邦湾被海冰围困,及时掌握雪龙船周边的冰情变化,以及给出准确的天气形势判断和预报,是此次雪龙船顺利脱困的关键。通过对雪龙船被困期间的海冰、气象和海洋环境状况综合分析发现,造成雪龙船被困的主要因素,一是由于雪龙船被困区域靠近大陆架,冰山较多,多年冰和当年冰夹杂在一起,海冰类型较为复杂;二是由于受连续多个气旋影响,在雪龙船受困海域,偏东大风持续时间长,风力大,导致海冰自东向西堆积,致使雪龙船被困。The R / V Xuelong was trapped in Commonwealth Bay,Antarctica,after taking part in the rescue of passengers from the Russian vessel Akademik Shokalskiy in January 2014. Monitoring of sea ice information and accurate weather forecasting were key to the successful breakout of the vessel. We conducted a comprehensive analysis of the sea ice,meteorological,and oceanographic conditions to determine the reasons for the vessel becoming trapped.First,sea ice conditions were complex in the area,where first-year ice was mixed with multi-year ice. The area was closed to the continental shelf and was surrounded by large icebergs. Second,continuous strong easterly winds associated with a number of cyclones caused the sea ice to move westward and to accumulate in the area.

关 键 词：南极 海冰 气象 预报 

分 类 号：U675.57[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程] P732[交通运输工程—船舶与海洋工程]