环氧丙烷生产装置丙烯分离工艺安全性  

Safety of propylene separation in propylene oxide production

作　　者：姜杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油化工股份有限公司青岛安全工程研究院,化学品安全控制国家重点实验室,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2014年第6期28-31,共4页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑计划课题(2012BAK13B02)

摘　　要：为了选择安全的丙烯分离工艺,利用爆炸极限测试仪对两级闪蒸和单级闪蒸两种丙烯分离方案气相典型组成的燃爆特性进行了研究,根据爆炸极限测试数据绘制了"可燃气-氧气-氮气"体系爆炸极限三元图,获得了相应的极限氧气体积分数(LOC)和氧气体积分数安全控制值。结果表明,两级闪蒸方案中一级闪蒸罐气相氧气体积分数偏高,不能满足气相燃爆危险的安全控制要求,因此丙烯分离工艺要选择单级闪蒸方案。针对单级闪蒸方案制定了气相氧气体积分数安全控制指标,提出了必要的安全控制建议。This paper is oriented to explore the explosion hazards of propylene decomposition in the propylene oxide production so as to develop a secure and feasible propylene decomposition process. As a matter of fact, the decomposition of a fraction of hydrogen peroxide into oxygen in the process of epoxidation of propylene and into propylene oxide involves explosion hazards in the gas when the gas mixture is getting to explosion limit, as the oxygen is going to mix with the combustible gas. For this reason, it is essential to choose a reason- able propylene decomposition process with the purpose to avoid such explosion hazards. Since the explosion data of the gas mixture mainly consist of propylene in the flash tanks with the two alternative flash distillation materials, it is believed necessary to measure the data by using the testing meters for the high pressure explosion limit. For this purpose, we have drawn the explosive ternary diagrams of the flammable gas/oxygen/nitrogen in accordance with the limit oxygen concentration （LOC） and determinated the safety-control data of the oxygen concentration in the gas phase in hoping to work out the opti- mal flash distillation process. The results of our experiments show that the LOC of the first flash tank in the double flash distillation process tends to be 11.6% （vol） and the safety-control value proves to be 5.8% （vol）, which can be gained by taking half of the total volume of LOC. In addition, we have found that the LOC of the second flash tank in the double flash distillation process should be 12.4% （vol） , with the safety-control value being 6.2% （vol） . It has also proved that the oxygen concentration of the first flash tank in the double flash distillation process should be 7.8% （vol）, which turned out to be higher than the safety-control ones. Therefore, it can be seen that the double flash distillation process would fail to meet the safety-control demands. On the contrary, the LOC of the flash tank in the single flash distillation process p

关 键 词：安全工程 环氧丙烷 双氧水 丙烯 燃爆危险 

分 类 号：X937[环境科学与工程—安全科学] TQ213[化学工程—有机化工]