开孔复合材料层合板的拉伸强度和失效模式分析  

Analysis of tensile strength and failure mode of perforated composite laminated plate

作　　者：邱家波[1] 熊征[2] 朱锡[1] 

机构地区：[1]海军工程大学舰船工程系,武汉430033 [2]海军蚌埠士官学校,安徽蚌埠233012

出　　处：《海军工程大学学报》2014年第6期12-16,共5页Journal of Naval University of Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51179200)

摘　　要：为研究纤维编织工艺、铺层角度和孔径大小对开孔复合材料层合板拉伸强度和失效模式的影响规律,选用正交平纹玻纤层合板(WFL)和单向玻纤层合板(UFL)制作0°和45°铺层开孔拉伸试件,随后进行了试验研究;采用Abaqus建立基于二维Hashion失效准则的渐进损伤仿真模型,并对试验结果进行了对比,分析了试件的损伤机理。研究结果表明:层合板强度随开孔增大而减小,并且这种变化率随孔径增大而增大,45°铺层的层合板的变化率小于0°铺层,WFL小于UFL;WFL的破坏以纤维断裂为主,裂纹垂直于纤维方向,UFL以基体开裂为主,裂纹沿纤维方向,孔径则对破坏模式无明显影响;0°铺层WFL的破坏是由纤维拉伸失效导致,45°的则由纤维拉伸失效和基体拉伸剪切失效共同导致,0°铺层UFL由基体压缩失效导致,45°的则由基体拉伸剪切失效导致;拉伸强度的仿真与试验结果最大误差为14.1%,由此验证了仿真计算方法的有效性。To analyze the impact of the layer orientation and the hole diameter on the tensile strength and failure mode according to the law of fiber weaving, this paper makes the perforated tensile specimens with the layer orientation 0° and 45° out of the GFRP with woven fabric （WFL） and unidirectional fiber （UFL）, and carries out tensile experiments. Based on Hashion failure criteria, this paper adopts Abaqus to establish a progressive damage model, compares the simulated results with experimental results, and analyzes the failure mechanism of specimens. The results show that the tensile strength decreases as the hole diameter grows, and the changing rate increases with it, and that the laminated plate with the layer orientation 45° is lower than that with the layer orientation 0°, and WFL is lower than UFL. WFL is subjected to the fiber tensile fracture and the crack is perpendicular to the fiber direction, while UFL is subjected to matrix cracking and the crack is parallel to the fiber direction, but the hole diameter has little impact on failure mode. The fractures of WFL with the layer orientation 0° and 45° are respectively caused by the fiber tensile failure, and the fiber tensile failure and matrix tensile-shear failure. The fractures of UFL with 0° and 45° are respectively caused by the matrix compressed failure, and the matrix tensile-shear failure. The maximum error 14.1% between the stimulation and the experiment results of tensile strength verifies that the simulating method is ef-fective.

关 键 词：开孔层合板 拉伸强度 失效模式 失效分析 

分 类 号：TB33[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程] O346.5[理学—固体力学]