不同光环境对中国南方草地3种灌木表型可塑性的影响  

Effects of light environments on the phenotypic plasticity of three shrubs in southern China grassland

作　　者：周海燕[1,2,3] 王金牛[1,2] 付秀琴[4] 向双[1,2] 王彦星 高景[1,2,3] 吴彦[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院成都生物研究所,成都610041 [2]中国科学院山地生态恢复与生物资源利用重点实验室,生态恢复与生物多样性保育四川省重点实验室,成都610041 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [4]成都农业科技职业学院,成都611130

出　　处：《应用与环境生物学报》2014年第6期962-970,共9页Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology

基　　金：中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDA05050307;XDA05050404)资助~~

摘　　要：为了解不同光环境下灌木的表型可塑性,在重庆云阳县天然的灌木林和灌草丛中,选择3种主要灌木巴柳(Salix etosia)、川莓(Rubus setchuenensis)和马桑绣球(Hydrangea aspera),研究两种光环境(林外和林内)下植物形态、生物量分配和表型可塑性的变化.结果表明:与林外高光环境相比,林内低光环境下,马桑绣球的株高、冠幅、冠面积、单叶面积、比叶面积、新枝和老枝生物量分配均表现出显著增大(P<0.05),而根冠比对数值却显著减小(P<0.05),根生物量分配变化则不显著(P>0.05);川莓则仅单叶面积、比叶面积、根生物量分配显著增大(P<0.05),而巴柳的各个形态指标在高光和低光下差异不显著(P>0.05).此外,马桑绣球和川莓的形态和整体可塑性显著高于巴柳(P<0.05),生物量分配可塑性在不同光环境下差异不显著(P>0.05).由此可见,异质光环境对不同灌木形态特征和生物量分配的影响存在物种特异性,马桑绣球和川莓在不同光环境下表现出更强的表型可塑性.Phenotypic plasticity is a crucial pathway for plants to adapt to the heterogeneous environments. It is essential to investigate the adjustments of plant morphological traits and biomass allocation patterns, which contributes to understanding the adaptation of plants to different environmental gradients. In order to illustrate their adjustments of morphological traits and biomass allocation patterns to the two comparative environments of high light （outside of the forest） and low light （inside of the forest）, we studied three typical shrubs （Salix etosia, Rubus setchuenensis, and Hydrangea aspera） at the Qishan pasture in Chongqing Municipality, southwest of China. The results indicated that the plant height, crown width, crown length, and crown area of H. aspera increased significantly under low light, while S. etosia and R. setchuenensis showed no significant difference between the two light environments. For R. setchuenensis and H. aspera, individual leaf area and specific leaf area were significantly higher in low light than in high light, while S. etosia showed no significant change. Furthermore, H. aspera had greater new branch biomass allocation and aging branch biomass allocation under low light, while S. etosia and R. setchuenensis did not. In addition, root biomass allocation of R. setchuenensis was significantly higher under low light, while neither of S. etosia and H. aspera showed significant difference between the two light environments. Higher logarithm of root to shoot ratio （R/S） ofH. aspera was observed under low light, but not for S. etosia or R. setchuenensis. Finally, morphological plasticity indexes were higher in R. setchuenensis and H. aspera than in S. etosia but biomass allocation plasticity index showed no significant difference among the three shrubs. The results demonstrated that the adjustment of the morphological traits and biomass allocation patterns for the three shrubs is species-specific under different light environments.

关 键 词：南方草地 巴柳 川莓 马桑绣球 光环境 植物形态特征 生物量分配 表型可塑性 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]