战后日本农产品市场开放的历史考察  

A Historical Analysis of the Opening of Japan's Agricultural Market after the War

作　　者：温娟[1] 

机构地区：[1]南开大学日本研究院

出　　处：《南开学报（哲学社会科学版）》2015年第1期48-61,共14页Nankai Journal:Philosophy,Literature and Social Science Edition

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目(13BSS019);教育部人文社会科学研究规划项目(08JA770024)

摘　　要：日本农林水产省在《平成22年度食品、农业、农村白皮书》中指出,日本农业正面临着"失去作为产业持续性发展的可能性"之危机。无疑作为产业存在的首要条件是市场的存在,日本农业是亚洲密集型农业的典型,加之其经营体所具有的零星性使其生产成本相对较高,农产品缺乏市场竞争力,因此,日本农产品对本国市场的依赖度极大。但是,战后在农产品贸易自由化浪潮的冲击下,日本农产品市场不断开放,农产品自给率不断降低;而且战后日本农业政策中缺少与农产品市场开放配套的具体、积极的政策内容,致使农业的持续性发展受到极大威胁。Japanese Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry, and Fishery points out in＂White Paper about Food, Agriculture and Country Development in Heisei 22＂that Japanese agriculture as an industry is losing the possibility of its sustainable development. The prerequisite for agriculture to work as an industry is that there should be a market. Japanese agriculture is a typical kind of intensive agriculture in Asia, and its sporadic nature has led to a comparatively high cost in its production. As a result, its products are not really competitive in the markets and have great reliance on Japan＇s domestic markets. However, after the war, as a result of the waves of agricultural trade liberalization, Japan continues to open up its agricultural markets and its agricultural self-sufficiency rate keeps dropping. Moreover, the lack of concrete and constructive policies to cope with the opening up of agricultural markets in postwar Japan has greatly endangered the sustainable development of Japan＇s agriculture.

关 键 词：农产品市场开放 战后日本农业 农业基本法 农产品自给率 

分 类 号：F331.3[经济管理—产业经济]