鄱阳湖洲滩湿地土壤-水-植物系统中磷的静态迁移研究  

STATIC TRANSFER OF PHOSPHORUS IN THE SOIL-WATER-PLANT SYSTEM OF BEACH WETLANDS IN POYANG LAKE

作　　者：徐进[1,2] 徐力刚[2] 丁克强[1] 龚然[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京工程学院环境工程学院,南京211167 [2]中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所湖泊与环境国家重点实验室,南京210008

出　　处：《土壤学报》2015年第1期138-144,共7页Acta Pedologica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2012CB417005);国家自然科学基金项目(41101465;41371121;41271329);中国科学院支持全国科学院联盟建设专项重大项目;江西省科技支撑项目(20122BBG70160)资助

摘　　要：通过采集鄱阳湖典型洲滩湿地土壤和植物来开展磷的静态迁移模拟实验,研究了鄱阳湖洲滩湿地土壤-水-植物系统对磷的吸收、释放及转移规律,并对静态实验前后,不同形态磷素在系统中的迁移量进行了监测。在此基础上,利用Freundlich模型和Langmuir模型对鄱阳湖洲滩湿地土壤基质对磷的吸附解吸特性进行了一元线性回归分析。结果表明:磷素不断从土壤和水体中释放出来,被植物大量的吸收。在培育之前,植物体内磷含量为1.0 mg g-1,水样磷浓度为2.3 mg L-1;而试验后植物体内磷含量为2.1 mg g-1,水样磷浓度为0.062 mg L-1。随着植物根系的生长,对磷素需求不断变大。直至试验进行到28d时,植物体内的磷素含量趋于恒定。同时,由土壤磷分级试验可看出,试验前后Al-P含量变化较小,Ca-P含量略有增加,Fe-P含量增幅较大。相对于Freundlich模型而言,采用Langmuir模型对湿地土壤基质对磷的吸附过程进行模拟相关性更好。该研究成果旨在为防治湖泊水体污染、开展湿地污染物的环境效应研究提供科学的理论依据。Samples of soil and plants were collected from shoal wetlands in the Poyang Lake for indoor simulation of static transfer of phosphorus in a soil-water-plant system to explore laws of the absorption, release and transfer of phosphor- us in the soil-water-plant wetland system of the Poyang Lake. Before and after the experiment, transfer of phosphorus rela- tive to form in the system was analyzed. The experiment device was a cylindrical container of polyvinyl chloride, lOcm in inner diameter and 40cm in height, containing a 10cm thick layer of homogeneous sediment. Water lily was planted in the cylinder. The overlaying water in the cylinder was sampled for and analyzed of phosphorus on D3, D6, D9, D16, D23, D28, D35 and D42 after the experiment began （D day）. Meanwhile, soil and plant samples were also collected for analy- sis of phosphorus concentration. At the end of the experiment, fractionation of phosphorus in the surface layer （1 ~ 2cm） was performed, and concentrations of Fe-P, Ca-P and A1-P were determined to explore variation of the transfer of phos- phorus relative to form. On such a basis, the Freundlich model and Langmuir model were used to perform one-dimension linear regressive analysis of adsorption and desorption of P in the soil sediment of the shoal wetlands in the Poyang Lake. Results show that phosphorus was released continuously from the soil into the water, and mostly absorbed by plants. Before the experiment, phosphorus concentration was found to be 1.0 mg g-1 in the plants and 2.3 μg ml -1 in the overlaying-wa- ter, and after the experiment it was 2. 1 mg g-1 and 0. 062 mg L-1 , respectively. In the initial period of the experiment, phosphorus concentration in the overlaying water decreased from 1.7 to 1.4 mg L-1 , and on D16, it was found to be 0.5 mg L-1 , and then it leveled off from D35 and on. During the first 3 days, phosphorus in the soil decreased quickly, from 25.5 to 11.5 mg kg-1. As this was only a static experiment, though part of the phosphorus in the soil was released

关 键 词：土壤 植物 磷 洲滩湿地 鄱阳湖 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程]