长期施肥下黑土活性有机质和碳库管理指数研究  

EFFECT OF LONG-TERM FERTILIZATION ON LABILE ORGANIC MATTER IN AND CARBON POOL MANAGEMENT INDEX OF BLACK SOIL

作　　者：何翠翠[1,2] 王立刚[1,2] 王迎春[1,2] 张文[1,2] 杨晓辉 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所/农业部面源污染控制重点实验室 [2]中国农业科学院-美国新罕布什尔大学可持续农业生态系统研究联合实验室,北京100081 [3]吉林省镇赉县植保站,吉林白城137000

出　　处：《土壤学报》2015年第1期194-202,共9页Acta Pedologica Sinica

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201303126)资助

摘　　要：基于东北黑土长期定位试验,研究不同施肥措施对黑土活性有机质及其碳库管理指数的影响。结果表明：在不同施肥措施的影响下土壤有机质得到了不同程度的提高。撂荒处理（CK0）土壤有机质较初始值提高了35.62%;单施化肥处理有机质提高最小,为10%~15%;其次为秸秆还田处理提高了20%;有机肥和化肥配施处理土壤有机质提高效果最显著,为66.38%~92.13%。黑土活性有机质分布规律为高活性有机质、中活性有机质、低活性有机质分别占有机质含量的3.80%~10.28%、1.59%~12.32%、8.71%~27.45%。以撂荒处理为参考土壤,有机肥和化肥配施处理高活性有机质、中活性有机质碳库管理指数高于参考土壤;氮磷钾肥配施处理（NPK）高活性有机质及其高活性有机质碳库管理指数与参考土壤较为接近;单施氮肥处理（N）、施用氮肥和磷肥处理（NP）、施用氮肥和钾肥处理（NK）、施用磷肥和钾肥处理（PK）高活性有机质、中活性有机质及总活性有机质碳库管理指数均低于参考土壤。采用有机肥无机肥配施对提高黑土活性有机质含量,提高土壤碳库管理指数具有比较好的效果。Black soil plays a crucial role in food security and sustainable development of the ecology in China. In the past 50 years the content of soil organic matter （SOM） in the black soil in Northeast of China has been decreasing, thus posing a critical problem of how to maintain its productivity, which has become a hot spot in agricultural science. Based on the long-term stationary fertilization field experiment, variation of soil fertility of and fertilizer efficiency in black soil as affected by long-term fertilization was explored and effects of long-term fertilization on content of soil labile organic matter and carbon pool management index were evaluated. This experiment was laid out in 1990 and designed to have 12 treat- ments, i.e. CK0, CK, N, NP, NK, PK, NPK, SNPK, MNPK, MNPKW2, 1.5MNPK and2MNPK. All the treatments have the same cropping pattern, mono-cropping of maize, except for Treatment MNPKW2, which follows a maize-maize- soybean rotation system. In 2013, soil samples were collected from the topsoil （0 - 20cm） layer for analysis of labile soil organic matter. Contents of three fractions of labile organic matter, namely highly labile organic matter （H-LOM） , moder- ately-labile organic matter （M-LOM） and low-labile organic mmol L-1 and 333 mmol L-j KMnO4, respectively. Results matter （L-LOM） were determined using 33 mmol L-1, 167 show that contents of soil organic matter in all the fertilized treatments increased to a varying extent. Compared with the initial content （23.3 g kg-1 ） of soil organic matter （SOM） , it increased by 35.6% in Treatment CK0, by 10%-15% in Treatments N, NP, NK, PK and NPK, the least in incre- ment, by 20% in Treatment SPNK （ NPK plus straw incorporation） , and by 66.38% ~ 92.13% in Treatments MNPK, MNPKW2, 1.5MNPK and 2MNPK, the most significant increment. The content of H-LOM, M-LOM and L-LOM were 0.94 - 4. 18 g kg-1 , 0.39 - 5.10 g kg-1 and 2.45 ~ 11.36 g kg-1 , respectively, accounting for 4%~ 10% , 1.59% ~ 10.28% and 8.71% ~ 27.45% of the total

关 键 词：黑土 活性有机质 碳库管理指数 

分 类 号：S153.3[农业科学—土壤学]