The calcium sensing receptor: from calcium sensing to signaling  

作　　者：ZHANG Chen MILLER Cassandra Lynn BROWN Edward M YANG Jenny J. 

机构地区：[1]Department of Chemistry,Georgia State University [2]Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics,Georgia State University [3]Division of Endocrinology,Diabetes and Hypertension,Department of Medicine,Brigham and Women's Hospital

出　　处：《Science China(Life Sciences)》2015年第1期14-27,共14页中国科学（生命科学英文版）

基　　金：supported by the US National Institutes of Health(GM081749 and EB007268);a Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics fellowship(to Zhang Chen);funds from the Georgia Research Alliance

摘　　要：The Ca2+-sensing receptor(the Ca SR),a G-protein-coupled receptor,regulates Ca2+ homeostasis in the body by monitoring extracellular levels of Ca2+([Ca2+]o) and responding to a diverse array of stimuli.Mutations in the Ca2+-sensing receptor result in hypercalcemic or hypocalcemic disorders,such as familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia,neonatal severe primary hyperparathyroidism,and autosomal dominant hypocalcemic hypercalciuria.Compelling evidence suggests that the Ca SR plays multiple roles extending well beyond not only regulating the level of extracellular Ca2+ in the human body,but also controlling a diverse range of biological processes.In this review,we focus on the structural biology of the Ca SR,the ligand interaction sites as well as their relevance to the disease associated mutations.This systematic summary will provide a comprehensive exploration of how the Ca SR integrates extracellular Ca2+ into intracellular Ca2+ signaling.The Ca^2＋-sensing receptor（the Ca SR）,a G-protein-coupled receptor,regulates Ca^2＋ homeostasis in the body by monitoring extracellular levels of Ca^2＋（[Ca^2＋]o） and responding to a diverse array of stimuli.Mutations in the Ca^2＋-sensing receptor result in hypercalcemic or hypocalcemic disorders,such as familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia,neonatal severe primary hyperparathyroidism,and autosomal dominant hypocalcemic hypercalciuria.Compelling evidence suggests that the Ca SR plays multiple roles extending well beyond not only regulating the level of extracellular Ca^2＋ in the human body,but also controlling a diverse range of biological processes.In this review,we focus on the structural biology of the Ca SR,the ligand interaction sites as well as their relevance to the disease associated mutations.This systematic summary will provide a comprehensive exploration of how the Ca SR integrates extracellular Ca^2＋ into intracellular Ca^2＋ signaling.

关 键 词：the Ca2＋-sensing receptor（the Ca SR） Ca2＋ signaling extracellular domain（ECD） Ca2＋-binding sites 

分 类 号：Q257[生物学—细胞生物学]