花生网斑病病原菌分离及生物学特性研究  

Isolation and Biological Characteristics Study of Phoma arachidicola Marasas Pauer & Boerema

作　　者：许欣然[1] 张新友[1] 汤丰收[1] 燕照玲[2] 王东国[1] 黄冰艳[1] 董文召[1] 杜培[1] 苗利娟[1] 刘华[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南省农业科学院经济作物研究所/农业部黄淮海油料作物重点实验室/河南省油料作物遗传改良重点实验室,河南郑州450002 [2]河南省农业科学院农业经济与信息研究所,河南郑州450002

出　　处：《河南农业科学》2014年第12期91-95,共5页Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系建设项目(nycytx-19);河南省现代农业产业技术体系项目(S2012-05)

摘　　要：花生网斑病是目前花生叶部病害中危害较为严重的一种病害,为了系统研究该病害,对河南省发生的花生网斑病病菌进行了分离鉴定,并对其生物学特性进行了初步研究,以期为花生网斑病的发生规律探索及综合防治提供依据。通过分离、鉴定,明确花生网斑病是由花生茎点霉（Phoma arachidicola Marasas Pauer＆Boerema）侵染所致。生物学特性研究表明,病菌菌丝在供试培养基上均能生长,但以PDA培养基最为适合;菌丝生长最适温度为25℃,低于5℃或高于35℃菌丝停止生长,50℃作用10min可将病原菌致死;在pH值4~10条件下均能生长,最适pH值为7;光暗交替能促进菌丝生长。病菌在燕麦培养基上产孢量最多,在水琼脂培养基上不能产孢,产孢最适温度为25℃,最适pH值为6,光暗交替有利于病菌产孢。总之,菌丝生长和产孢的最适培养基分别为PDA培养基、燕麦培养基,最适温度均为25℃,最适pH值分别为7和6,光暗交替既能促进菌丝生长,又有利于病原菌产孢。Peanut web blotch is one of the most destructive leaf diseases on peanut.The isolation and identification of the pathogen were conducted in Henan province and its biological characteristics were analyzed for better understanding of its occurrence pattern and studying of its control method.Through the isolation and identification,the pathogen in Henan province was determined as Phoma arachidicola Marasas Pauer Boerema.The results of study on biological characteristics showed that the pathogen could grow on all the test media,and the optimum medium for mycelia growth was PDA.The optimum temperature for the mycelia growth was25 ℃,when the temperature was below 5℃ or above 35℃,the mycelia growth stopped.And the lethal temperature for the fungus was 50℃for 10 min.The pathogen could grow in pH from 4to10,while the optimal pH was 7.Appropriate light could promote the growth of mycelium.For the spore production of the pathogen,the optimum medium was oatmeal agar,and water agar was least appropriate.The optimum temperature and pH for spore production were 25 ℃and 6respectively.The spore production of the pathogen could be enhanced under alternating light and dark conditions.It could be concluded that the optimum media were PDA and oatmeal agar for mycelia growth and spore production respectively.The optimum temperature was 25 ℃ for both mycelia growth and spore production.The optimal pH was 7and 6for mycelia growth and spore production respectively.Alternating light and dark conditions could promote mycelia growth and spore production of the pathogen.

关 键 词：花生网斑病菌 鉴定 菌丝生长 产孢 生物学特性 

分 类 号：S435.652[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]