台风期间海洋飞沫对海气湍通量的影响研究  

The effects of sea spray on the air-sea turbulent fluxes during the typhoon passage

作　　者：张连新[1,2] 韩桂军[2] 李威[2] 张学峰[2] 付红丽[2] 张晓爽[2] 邵彩霞[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学海洋环境学院,山东青岛266100 [2]国家海洋局海洋信息中心,天津300171

出　　处：《海洋学报》2014年第11期46-56,共11页

基　　金：国家973计划课题(2013CB430304);国家863计划课题(2013AA09A505);国家自然科学基金(41030854;41106005;41176003;41206178;41306006;41376015;41376013);国家科技支撑项目(2011BAC03B02-01-04)

摘　　要：本文以2006年9月日本以南海域的台风YAGI为例,应用黑潮延伸体附近的KEO浮标观测资料,并结合卫星遥感等融合资料,分析海洋飞沫在台风不同发展阶段对海气界面间热量通量和动量通量的影响。首先,定量地分析台风期间海洋飞沫对海气热通量的影响。结果表明,在台风YAGI过境期间,海洋飞沫能够显著地加剧海气界面间的热量交换,尤其是潜热交换。海洋飞沫增加的热通量随着风速的增强而增大,随着波龄的增大而减小。随后,通过动量分析表明,在台风YAGI过境期间,海洋飞沫显著地增强了由大气向海洋的动量转移。当风速达到台风量级后,考虑海洋飞沫所增加的动量通量与界面动量通量大小相当,同时,在此风速条件下,海洋飞沫在海气界面形成极限饱和悬浮层,抑制风到海表面的动量转移,导致海气界面间总的动量通量的增长率随之减小。The effects of sea spray on the air-sea heat and momentum fluxes have been investigated using the data of Kuroshio extension buoy observation （KEO） and the satellite remote sensing during the passage of typhoon YAGI in the waters south of Japan in September 2006. Firstly, the effects of spray on the air-sea heat fluxes are analyzed quantitatively. The results show that the heat exchanges between the atmosphere and the ocean, especially the la- tent exchange, are significantly enhanced due to the existence of the spray during the typhoon passage. The impact of the spray on the heat fluxes is stronger with smaller wave age and bigger wind speed.Subsequently, the momen-turn analysis shows that the spray enhances the momentum transfer from the atmosphere to ocean during the ty- phoon passage. When the winds reach to the typhoon strength, the spray-induced momentum fluxes are comparable with the interfacial momentum. At such high wind speeds,the ultimate saturation suspension layer formed by the spray droplets in the surface layer can actually restrain the momentum exchange from wind to the sea surface and thus decrease the growth rate of the total momentum fluxes.

关 键 词：飞沫 台风 热通量 动量通量 

分 类 号：P732.7[天文地球—海洋科学]