基于降水距平百分率的河南省干旱特征分析  

An Analysis of Characteristics of Droughts in Henan Province Based on Precipitation Anomaly Percentage

作　　者：王富强[1] 王雷[1] 

机构地区：[1]华北水利水电大学水利学院,郑州450045

出　　处：《中国农村水利水电》2014年第12期84-88,共5页China Rural Water and Hydropower

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51379078);广东省水利科技创新项目(2011-22)资助

摘　　要：利用1953-2012年河南省及18个地市逐月降水资料,分析了降水年际、季节变化及空间分布特征;以降水距平百分率作为干旱等级评价指标,分析了不同等级干旱的时空分布特征。研究结果表明,河南省降水年际与季节均呈减少趋势,多年降水倾向率为-16.748mm/10a,季节降水减少速率(夏季﹥春季﹥秋季﹥冬季),多年平均降水量(豫南﹥豫中﹥豫东﹥豫西﹥豫北);1953-2012年有13年发生干旱,春旱、冬旱、夏旱、秋旱发生频率分别为32%、25%、18%、25%;18个地市发生干旱的平均频率为27.4%,轻度、中度、严重、特大干旱发生的平均频率分别为18.5%、5.2%、2.3%、1.4%,其中安阳发生频率最高(33.3%)。研究成果可为河南省干旱的监测、评估、预警和抗旱减灾工作提供科学依据。The annual,seasonal variation and spatial distribution characteristics of precipitation are analyzed by using the monthly precipitation data from 1953-2012 in Henan Province and 18 Cities.The time-space distribution characteristics of different grade droughts are analyzed with precipitation anomaly percentage as drought grade evaluation index.The results show that the annual and seasonal precipitation tend to decrease in Henan Province,the precipitation tendency is-16.748mm/10 a,the less rates of seasonal precipitation（summerspringautumnwinter）,the multi-year average precipitation in Henan Province（southcentraleastwestnorth）;the drought has 13 years from 1953-2012,the occurrence frequency of spring,summer,autumn,winter drought are32%,25%,18%,25%.The average occurrence frequency of drought in 18 cities is 27.4%,the average occurrence frequency of light,moderate,serious,extraordinary drought are 18.5%,5.2%,2.3%,1.4%.Among them,the occurrence frequency of drought in Anyang City is the highest（33.3%）.This research will provide a scientific basis for drought monitoring,evaluation,forecast and drought resistance strategy in Henan Province.

关 键 词：干旱 降水距平百分率 时空分布 特征分析 

分 类 号：TV125[水利工程—水文学及水资源]