定向凝固技术的研究现状及发展趋势  

Research Progress and Prospect of Directional Solidification Technology

作　　者：李勇[1,2] 郑碰菊 张建波[1,2] 刘耀[1,2] 杨新涛[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]江西理工大学工程研究院,赣州341000 [2]国家铜冶炼及加工工程技术研究中心,赣州341000

出　　处：《材料导报》2014年第23期108-112,共5页Materials Reports

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51261007);江西省教育厅科技计划项目(GJJ13393);江西省青年科学基金(20132BAB216015);江西省自然科学基金(20142BAB206013)

摘　　要：定向凝固技术可获得定向及单晶组织结构,大大改善材料的力学和物理性能。阐述了定向凝固理论及定向凝固技术的研究现状,定向凝固技术的发展过程就是温度梯度不断提高、冷却速率不断加快的过程。简述了几种新型定向凝固技术,并展望了定向凝固技术的未来发展趋势。Directional structure and single crystal structure can be obtained by means of the directional solidification technologies which could improve scientifically mechanical and physical properties of materials.The research progress of the directional solidification theory and the solidification technologies are generalized.It is a history of improved temperature gradient and promoted cooling rate from the aspect of the directional solidification technology evolution.Several new types of directional solidification technology are reviewed.Finally,the future trends of the directional solidification technology are prospected.

关 键 词：定向凝固 成分过冷 界面稳定 温度梯度 

分 类 号：TB30[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]