硅肥对甘蔗的生长、产量和品质的影响  被引量:18

Effects of Silicon Fertilization on Growth,Yield and Quality of Sugarcane

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作  者:蒋雄英[1] 陈桂芬[2] 尹辉[1] 杨曙[1] 顾明华[1] 黎晓峰[1] 

机构地区:[1]广西大学农学院,广西南宁530004 [2]广西农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所,广西南宁530007

出  处:《西南农业学报》2014年第6期2460-2464,共5页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基  金:广西自然科学基金项目(2012GXNSFDA053010)

摘  要:为探究硅肥施用对强酸性赤红壤上甘蔗生长、产量及品质的影响,采用田间试验方法,以桂糖02-208为材料,设5个硅肥(Si O2)施用水平(0,45,90,135和225 kg/hm^2),测定土壤有效硅、甘蔗叶片硅含量、产量、含糖量,折算产值和经济效益。结果表明,施用难溶性硅肥后,土壤中的有效硅和叶片中硅含量均显著增加。硅肥施用对甘蔗的生长、产量和品质具有显著影响,与不施硅肥的对照相比,施用45~135 kg/hm^2硅肥(Si O2)的甘蔗出苗数、伸长期的株高分别增加了27%~39%和9%~11%;蔗茎产量增加10%~21%,产蔗增收0.30~0.81万元/ha;含糖量增加4.5%~12.7%。在不同硅肥施用量之间比较发现,施用45 kg/hm^2硅肥(Si O2)的甘蔗幼苗生长、蔗茎产量和含糖量与施用90~135 kg/hm^2的相当,但蔗茎产值及蔗糖经济效益均高于施用90~225 kg/hm^2硅肥(Si O2)的处理。研究表明在强酸性赤红壤上施用硅肥有利于甘蔗生长,提高甘蔗产量和品质,且硅肥(Si O2)适宜用量为45 kg/hm^2。In order to research the effects of silicon fertilizer on the growth yield and quality of sugarcane in strongly acidic latosolic red soil,five Si fertilizer dose( 0,45,90,135 and 225 kg / hm^2) and one sugarcane variety( GT 02-208) were used in this field trial. Soil available Si content,Si content in leaves,plant growth,yield,cane quality,production and economic performance of sugarcane were analyzed. The results showed that Si applications significantly increased Si levels in both soil and leaf blades. The plant growth,yield and sugar content of sugarcane were significantly affected by Si application,compared to the control,Si applications( 45- 135 kg / hm^2) increased the emergence number,the plant height of sugarcane by 27 %- 39 %,9 %- 11 %,the yield by 10 %- 21 %,the net income of sugarcane by 3. 0-8. 1 thousand CNY / hm^2,and the sugar content by 4. 5 %- 12. 7 %,respectively. Compared with different levels of Si applications,no significant difference in the growth,yield and sugar content of sugarcane were observed between 45 kg / hm^2 Si application and other Si applications( 90- 135 kg / hm^2),but net incomes of sugarcane and sugar at 45 kg/hm^2 Si application were higher than those of other Si application levels. This conclusion indicated that application of Si fertilizer on strongly acidic lateritic red soil could be beneficial to improve the growth of yield and quality of sugarcanes. The recommended dose of Si fertilizer in sugarcane production was 45 kg / hm^2.

关 键 词:硅肥 甘蔗 产量 经济效益 

分 类 号:S566.1[农业科学—作物学]

 

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