衢州古城墙通仙门不同岩性岩石砌块相对风化速度研究  

RELATIVE WEATHERING RATES OF SIX DIFFERENT LITHOLOGICAL ROCKS IN TONGXIAN GATE OF QUZHOU ANCIENT CITY WALL

作　　者：孙亚丽[1] 曹冬梅[1] 方建平[1] 李燕[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江省衢州学院建筑工程学院,衢州324000

出　　处：《工程地质学报》2014年第6期1279-1286,共8页Journal of Engineering Geology

基　　金：浙江省公益性技术应用研究项目(2014C33012);中国科学院特别资助项目(KZZD-EW-05-02);国家自然科学基金资助项目(41172269)

摘　　要：岩石的长期风化作用会造成岩石表面的剥落，这将导致石质文物产生无可挽回的破坏。为了更好地保护它们，需要开展在相同风化环境下岩石风化剥落深度和相对风化速度及其与不同岩性关系的研究。本文以衢州古城墙通仙门的多块岩石砌块为研究对象，利用自制的测量仪器，对不同岩性岩石砌块风化剥落深度和风化速度进行了研究；通过分析量测结果得出凝灰岩、砂岩、砾岩、含砾砂岩和粉砂岩相对灰岩的风化速度分别为0.005～0.059mm·a－1、0.032～0.097mm·a－1、0.004～0.058mm·a－1、0.021～0.033mm·a－1和0.015mm·a－1。研究结果表明：在相同的风化环境之中不同岩石砌块的风化速度从大到小排序为V砂岩＞V凝灰岩＞V含砾砂岩＞V砾岩＞V粉砂岩＞V灰岩，即岩石抗风化能力从强到弱为：灰岩＞粉砂岩＞砾岩＞含砾砂岩＞凝灰岩＞砂岩。由此，为石质文物的长期保护以及制定相关的保护措施提供了重要的理论依据。Long-term weathering of rock will cause the rock surface recession,which will cause irreparable damage to stone cultural relics.Those precious stone cultural relics are being protected for a long time.But the result is not optimistic.In theory,in order to protect them well,it is important to study the relationship between the rock surface recession and the relative weathering rate with the different lithology in the same environment.The paper is intended to study the surface recession of different lithology rock blocks and their weathering rate.The rock blocks are part of the Tongxian gate of Quzhou ancient walls of national key cultural relics protection sites.An especially designed movable instrument is used.By analyzing the measured data,the weathering rates of different rocks are attained so as to provide an actual basis for the stone cultural relics and the development of relevant protective measures.The measurement results are from tufa,sandstone,conglomerate,pebbly sandstone and siltstone.Their weathering rates with respect to limestone are 0.005~0.059,0.032~0.097,0.004~0.058,0.021 ~0.033 and 0.01 5mm·a-1 ,＆nbsp;respectively.The results also show that under the same weathering environment,different weathering rates of rock block order from large to small is Vsandstone〉Vtufa〉Vpebblysandstone〉Vconglomerate〉Vsiltstone〉Vlimestone,which means that the rock weathering resistance from strong to weak is：Vlimestone〉Vsiltstone〉Vconglomerate〉Vpebblysandstone〉Vtufa〉Vsandstone.This study can provide an important data basis for the long-term protection of stone relics and formulate relevant protective measures.

关 键 词：衢州通仙门 岩石砌块 风化剥落深度 风化速度 

分 类 号：TV13[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]