唐家河自然保护区鱼类区系变化及资源现状  

Variation of fish fauna and status of fish resources in Tangjiahe Nature Reserve

作　　者：张缓缓[1] 曾燏[1] 

机构地区：[1]西华师范大学生命科学学院,西南野生动植物资源保护教育部重点实验室,四川南充637009

出　　处：《淡水渔业》2015年第1期42-45,共4页Freshwater Fisheries

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51309196);四川省教育厅科研基金(13ZB0014)

摘　　要：于2013年8月和12月分别对四川省唐家河自然保护区的鱼类资源现状进行了调查,共采集鱼类标本622尾,隶属2目3科9种。渔获物分析表明:该保护区鱼类以鲤形目鲤科鱼类为主(占鱼类种数55.56%),主要由老第三纪原始类群和青藏高原类群两个区系组成,兼有少数东亚类群及北方冷水性鱼类分布;同历史文献资料相比,鱼类区系无明显变化;洛氏(Phoxinus lagowskii)和齐口裂腹鱼(Schizothorax prenanti)为优势种群,分别占渔获物总数的60.13%、36.50%;鱼类小型化现象严重,部分种群数量急剧下降甚至处于濒危状况;从适温性、栖息水层、食性等角度可将该保护区的鱼类划分为不同的生态类型。综合分析认为:保护措施不完善、小水电站的无序开发和鱼类资源的过度利用是该保护区鱼类资源量下降的主要原因。To study the variation of fish fauna and status of fish resources in Tangjiahe Nature Reserve in Sichuan prov -ince, the field survey was conducted in August and December , 2013.During the investigation, a total of 622 specimens belonging to 9 species 3 families and 2 orders were obtained.Analysis showed that the Cyprinid fishes were the dominant species, accounting for 55.56%.The main species of the fauna were the Later Tertiary Period Primitive Group and Tibetan Plateau Group, with a small number of individuals of North Cold Water Group and East Asian Group .Compared to histori-cal data, no significant variation in fish fauna can be observed .Among the obtained fish species, Phoxinus lagowskii and Schizothorax Prenanti were the dominant species, accounting for 60.13%, 36.50%, respectively.However, the fish miniaturization was obvious , some species exhibited a dramatic decline in population quantity , and some fishes were even endangered.The obtained fishes could be divided into different ecological types according to the thermophily , distribution of the water layer feeding and diet.Comprehensive analysis indicated that the imperfect protective measures , the disorder de-velopment of small hydropower , and the excessively use of fish resources in Tangjiahe Nature Reserve were responsible for the present status.

关 键 词：鱼类区系 鱼类资源 唐家河自然保护区 

分 类 号：S932.4[农业科学—渔业资源]