基于健康监测的桥梁结构损伤预后和安全预后研究进展及挑战  

Damage and Safety Prognosis of Bridge Structures Based on Structural Health Monitoring:Progress and Challenges

作　　者：宗周红[1] 钟儒勉[1] 郑沛娟[1] 秦中远 刘琦齐 

机构地区：[1]东南大学土木工程学院,江苏南京210096

出　　处：《中国公路学报》2014年第12期46-57,共12页China Journal of Highway and Transport

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51378112;51178101);"十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BAK02B03)

摘　　要：为解决桥梁结构健康监测系统不易对早期损伤识别的问题,首先阐述了基于健康监测的损伤预后和安全预后的基本概念,讨论了损伤预后和安全预后的基本理论框架,包括监测系统、物理模型及预后模型3个部分;其次综述了基于模型预后技术、数据驱动预后技术等的研究进展及应用,最后提出了基于健康监测的桥梁结构损伤预后和安全预后面临的挑战。综合分析表明:基于知识发现、神经网络、统计分析、物理模型及其混合系统等是潜在的有效解决方法;基于多元混合的预后方法将是未来预后技术的主要发展方向之一,损伤及安全预后技术将是克服健康监测技术瓶颈的有效方法之一,可供桥梁结构健康监测、运营养护和维修加固参考。In order to solve the difficulty to identify early damage based on structural health monitoring （SHM） system, basic concepts of damage prognosis （DP） and safety prognosis （SP） were firstly introduced based on SHM. The basic theoretical framework of prognosis technology was discussed, including health monitoring system, the physical model and prognosis model. After that, current progress and applications of model-based and data-driven prognosis methods were summarized and commented. Finally, the challenges of the structural health monitoring based on DP and SP were presented. The results show that knowledge discovery, neural network, statistical analysis, physical model and its mixed system might be potentially effective solutions. Multi-approach prognosis method would be one of the main development directions of future prognosis technology. DP and SP technology will be one of the effective methods to overcome the technological bottleneck of the structural health monitoring. This review may be used as a reference for the structural health monitoring, operation and maintenance, and rehabilitation and strengthening of bridge structures.

关 键 词：桥梁工程 损伤预后和安全预后 综述 结构健康监测 多尺度模型 

分 类 号：U445.7[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]