孤独症男童生长发育及头面部表型特征分析  

Analysis of growth and development and facial phenotype among boys with autism

作　　者：邓艳梅[1] 苏媛媛[1] 戴炜[1] 韩钰[1] 张欣[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津医科大学公共卫生学院,天津300070

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2014年第11期1703-1705,共3页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(81072313)

摘　　要：目的了解男性孤独症患儿基本生长发育指标和头面部表型特征,为儿童孤独症的早期诊断提供参考依据。方法整群抽取天津市区6所特殊教育学校的60名男性孤独症患儿,以天津市1所幼儿园40名4-7岁身体和心理发育均正常的男童作为对照,测量形态发育、生理功能及头面部表型指标。结果 10-12岁男性孤独症患儿平均皮褶厚度低于正常男生,13-15岁组平均体重和维尔维克指数均高于正常男生（t值分别为-3.858,2.196,2.461,P值均〈0.05）。16-18岁组收缩压均值低于正常男生（t=-2.798,P=0.038）。3-8岁孤独症男童唇高、口宽均值分别为（18.5±2.38）（38.1±3.73）mm,大于正常儿童的（16.3±2.67）（35.5±3.98）mm,差异均有统计学意义（t值分别为3.017,2.316,P值均〈0.05）。结论男性孤独症患儿体格发育较正常差,并可能存在面部表型的特异性。应加强对此特殊人群的体质测试研究。Objective To explore the basic characteristics of autistic boys＇ growth and development and the head and facial phenotype, to understand their physical characteristics and to further find the early diagnosis reference on children with autism. Methods A cluster sampling method was taken to select a total of 60 boys with autism in 6 special education schools in the urban areas of Tianjin, the autistic boys were all screened and diagnosed by the professionals applying CARS and CABS, and in line with the clinical diagnosis criteria about autism in DSM-IV. The morphological and physiological function indices were measured. Resuits 10 to 12-year-old autistic boys had less average skin fold thickness than normal boys （t =-3.858, P= 0.001 ）, and the average weight and verwaeck index of 13-15-year-old autistic boys were both higher than normal boys （ t = - 3. 858,2. 196,2. 461, P〈 0.05）. The mean systolic blood pressure of 16 to 18-year-old autistic boys was lower than normal boys （t =-2.798, P= 0.038 ）. The high lip and mouth wide averages of 3 to 8-year-old autistic boys were both larger than normal children （t = 3.017,2. 316, P〈0.05 ）. Conclusion The physical development of boys with autism is worse than normal boys, It suggests that we should strengthen the physical test study for the special population.

关 键 词：孤独 生长和发育 头部 面部 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健] R195.1[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]