住院患者肝炎病毒感染的血清流行病学调查  

A serum-epidemiological study of hepatitis virus infections in hospital

作　　者：孙平[1] 李宗祥[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学医院内科,湖北武汉430070

出　　处：《中国病原生物学杂志》2014年第11期1029-1031,共3页Journal of Pathogen Biology

摘　　要：目的了解住院患者肝炎病毒感染的血清流行病学状况。方法采用酶联免疫法对医院住院患者肝炎病毒血清标志物HBsAg和抗-HCV进行检测。结果住院患者HBsAg总体阳性率为9.84%,抗-HCV总体阳性率为0.75%;儿科HBsAg阳性率最低,为4.93%,血液内科抗-HCV阳性率最高,为1.94%,阳性率与其他科室差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;HBsAg和抗-HCV阳性率在性别差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;51-岁年龄段HBsAg阳性率最高,0-岁年龄段HBsAg最低,两组差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;从事服务业的住院患者HBsAg、抗-HCV阳性率最高,与其他职业阳性率差异具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论医院住院患者HBsAg阳性率较高,提示应做好医院内乙肝等传染性疾病的传播控制以及营养支持工作,对感染病人予以营养和及时有效的治疗。Objective To epidemiologically ascertain the seroprevalence of hepatitis virus infections in a hospital.Methods An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect hepatitis B surface antigen and antibodies to the hepatitis C virus in sera from inpatients in 2013. Results Patients tested positive for HBsAg at a rate of 9.84% and positive for anti-HCV antibodies at a rate of 0.75%.Pediatrics had the lowest proportion（4.93%）of patients who tested positive for HBsAg while Hematology had the highest proportion（1.94%）of patients who tested positive for anti-HCV antibodies.The rate at which patients in the 2departments tested positive differed significantly（P〈0.05）.The rate at which male and female patients tested positive did not differ significantly（P〉0.05）.Individuals ages 51-60 years had the highest rate of positivity for HBsAg while individuals ages 0-10 years had the lowest rate of positivity for HBsAg.Differences in positivity for HBsAg did not differ significantly between the two age groups.Patients working in the service industry had highest rate of positivity for HBsAg and anti-HCV antibodies.These rates differed significantly in comparison to those for patients in other occupations（P〈0.05）. Conclusion Patients tested positive for HBsAg at a high rate.The control of hepatitis and other infectious diseases in hospitals must be enhanced and infected patients must be given timely and effective treatment.

关 键 词：乙型肝炎 丙型肝炎 血清流行病学 

分 类 号：R373.21[医药卫生—病原生物学]