不同品系肉鸡及其杂交后代消化器官发育和饲料利用率的比较  

Development of Digestive Organs and Nutrients Utilization in Pure Line Broilers and their Hybrid Combination

作　　者：陈连颐[1] 黎寿丰[1] 赵振华[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院家禽研究所,江苏扬州225125

出　　处：《中国畜牧杂志》2014年第24期61-64,共4页Chinese Journal of Animal Science

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-42-Z06);江苏省科技支撑项目(BE2013386);江苏省科技支撑项目(BE2014364);江苏省高校省级重点实验室项目(K12039)

摘　　要：研究旨在探讨肉鸡对饲料利用效率的解剖生理机制,从而为纯系选育和杂交利用改善肉鸡饲料转化率的技术途径提供理论依据。以优质型肉鸡5个纯系(F、B、D、Y、S3)及其8个正反交杂交组合F(1FS3、S3F、YS3、S3Y、DS3、S3D、BS3、S3B)为试验素材,随机选取1日龄健康雏鸡各100只,饲养至12周龄进行屠宰,分别测定肝脏、腺胃、肌胃的绝对重量及其相对重量,测量十二指肠、空肠、回肠的绝对长度及其单位体重相对长度,测定体重及饲料增重比,对所得数据进行单因素方差分析和LSD多重比较。结果表明:纯系中S3系的腺胃、肌胃、肝脏的相对重量均较大,小肠相对长度也较长,与其他各纯系差异显著(P<0.05),其饲料增重比较低;杂交组合中,YS3组合的消化器官相对重量和小肠的绝对长度较大,且具有较好的饲料增重比,说明消化器官的发育及小肠的相对长度越长越能有效提高饲料的利用率。通过家系选择,适当增加选择压,提高亲本消化器官的相对重(长),能有效提高群体的饲料利用率。To explore the nutrients utilization of anatomical physiological mechanism in chicken, and provide theoretic basis for pure line breeding and crossing utilization at feed conversion technology. One hundred healthy 1- day every pure line broilers （F, S3, B, D, Y line） and their hybrid combination （FS3, S3F, YS3, S3Y, DS3, S3D, BS3, S3B） were randomly selected. The weight and relative bodyweight in dices of glandular stomach, muscular stomach, liver and the length and relative small intestine length in dices of duodenum, jejunum, ileum were measured. The results showed that the weight of glandular stomach, muscular stomach and liver of S3 line is lighter than other pure line, but it has higher relative body weight indices（P〉0.05 ）. The relative small intestine length in dices of duodenum, jejunum, ileum of S3 line were higher than other pure line （P〈0.05）, and has better nutrients utilization. YS3 has higher relative body weight and longer relative small intestine length in dices of duodenum, jejunum, ileum in hybrid combinations. The longer relative small intestine length in dices of duodenum, jejunum, ileum of chicken has the better nutrients utilization it has. We can promote the nutrients utilization through the family selection to improve the digestive organs relatively heavily or long.

关 键 词：消化器官 发育 饲料利用 肉鸡 

分 类 号：S831.5[农业科学—畜牧学]